lib/logstorage: print column names to the error log message when the number of unique columns in a block exceeds the limit

This should simplify debugging issues related to too big number of columns per block in the future.

Updates https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/7568

lib/logstorage/block.go

@@ -392,8 +392,9 @@ func (b *block) resizeColumns(columnsLen int) []column {
 
 func (b *block) sortColumnsByName() {
 	if len(b.columns)+len(b.constColumns) > maxColumnsPerBlock {
-		logger.Panicf("BUG: too big number of columns detected in the block: %d; the number of columns mustn't exceed %d",
+		columnNames := b.getColumnNames()
-			len(b.columns)+len(b.constColumns), maxColumnsPerBlock)
+		logger.Panicf("BUG: too big number of columns detected in the block: %d; the number of columns mustn't exceed %d; columns: %s",
+			len(b.columns)+len(b.constColumns), maxColumnsPerBlock, columnNames)
 	}
 
 	cs := getColumnsSorter()
@@ -407,6 +408,17 @@ func (b *block) sortColumnsByName() {
 	putConstColumnsSorter(ccs)
 }
 
+func (b *block) getColumnNames() []string {
+	a := make([]string, 0, len(b.columns)+len(b.constColumns))
+	for _, c := range b.columns {
+		a = append(a, c.name)
+	}
+	for _, c := range b.constColumns {
+		a = append(a, c.Name)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
 // Len returns the number of log entries in b.
 func (b *block) Len() int {
 	return len(b.timestamps)

lib/logstorage/block_header.go

@@ -492,8 +492,8 @@ func (csh *columnsHeader) unmarshalNoArena(src []byte, partFormatVersion uint) e
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal columnHeaders len")
 	}
 	src = src[nSize:]
-	if n > maxColumnsPerBlock {
+	if n > 1e6 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("too many column headers: %d; mustn't exceed %d", n, maxColumnsPerBlock)
+		return fmt.Errorf("too big number of columnHeaders: %d", n)
 	}
 
 	chs := csh.resizeColumnHeaders(int(n))
@@ -506,14 +506,19 @@ func (csh *columnsHeader) unmarshalNoArena(src []byte, partFormatVersion uint) e
 	}
 	csh.columnHeaders = chs
 
+	if len(chs) > maxColumnsPerBlock {
+		columnNames := getNamesFromColumnHeaders(chs)
+		return fmt.Errorf("too many column headers: %d; it mustn't exceed %d; columns: %s", len(chs), maxColumnsPerBlock, columnNames)
+	}
+
 	// unmarshal constColumns
 	n, nSize = encoding.UnmarshalVarUint64(src)
 	if nSize <= 0 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal constColumns len")
 	}
 	src = src[nSize:]
-	if n+uint64(len(csh.columnHeaders)) > maxColumnsPerBlock {
+	if n > 1e6 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("too many columns: %d; mustn't exceed %d", n+uint64(len(csh.columnHeaders)), maxColumnsPerBlock)
+		return fmt.Errorf("too big number of constColumns: %d", n)
 	}
 
 	ccs := csh.resizeConstColumns(int(n))
@@ -525,6 +530,14 @@ func (csh *columnsHeader) unmarshalNoArena(src []byte, partFormatVersion uint) e
 		src = tail
 	}
 
+	if len(ccs)+len(csh.columnHeaders) > maxColumnsPerBlock {
+		columnNames := getNamesFromColumnHeaders(csh.columnHeaders)
+		for _, cc := range ccs {
+			columnNames = append(columnNames, cc.Name)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("too many columns: %d; mustn't exceed %d; columns: %s", len(ccs)+len(csh.columnHeaders), maxColumnsPerBlock, columnNames)
+	}
+
 	// Verify that the src is empty
 	if len(src) > 0 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected non-empty tail left after unmarshaling columnsHeader: len(tail)=%d", len(src))
@@ -533,6 +546,14 @@ func (csh *columnsHeader) unmarshalNoArena(src []byte, partFormatVersion uint) e
 	return nil
 }
 
+func getNamesFromColumnHeaders(chs []columnHeader) []string {
+	a := make([]string, 0, len(chs))
+	for _, ch := range chs {
+		a = append(a, ch.name)
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
 // columnHeaders contains information for values, which belong to a single label in a single block.
 //
 // The main column with an empty name is stored in messageValuesFilename,