Added fixes and improvements (#1677)

* added guide for VM operator

* Update docs/guides/getting-started-with-vm-operator.md

Co-authored-by: Roman Khavronenko <hagen1778@gmail.com>

* Update docs/guides/getting-started-with-vm-operator.md

Co-authored-by: Roman Khavronenko <hagen1778@gmail.com>

* Fixed different typos and added improvements from proposals

* move remoteWrite.url to other place

* fixed typo

* rephrased vminsert explanation

* remove not needed parameters for default setup

Co-authored-by: Roman Khavronenko <hagen1778@gmail.com>

docs/guides/README.md

@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ sort: 21
 1. [K8s monitoring via VM Single](k8s-monitoring-via-vm-single.html)
 2. [K8s monitoring via VM Cluster](k8s-monitoring-via-vm-cluster.html)
 3. [HA monitoring setup in K8s via VM Cluster](k8s-ha-monitoring-via-vm-cluster.html)
+4. [Getting started with VM Operator](getting-started-with-vm-operator.html)

docs/guides/getting-started-with-vm-operator.md

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+# Getting started with VM Operator
+
+**The guide covers:**
+
+* The setup of a [VM Operator](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/helm-charts/tree/master/charts/victoria-metrics-operator) via Helm in [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/) with Helm charts.
+* The setup of a [VictoriaMetrics Cluster](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Cluster-VictoriaMetrics.html) via [VM Operator](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/helm-charts/tree/master/charts/victoria-metrics-operator).
+* How to add CRD for a [VictoriaMetrics Cluster](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Cluster-VictoriaMetrics.html) via [VM Operator](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/helm-charts/tree/master/charts/victoria-metrics-operator). 
+* How to visualize stored data 
+* How to store metrics in [VictoriaMetrics](https://victoriametrics.com)
+
+**Preconditions**
+
+* [Kubernetes cluster 1.20.9-gke.1001](https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine). We use a GKE cluster from [GCP](https://cloud.google.com/) but this guide also applies to any Kubernetes cluster. For example, [Amazon EKS](https://aws.amazon.com/ru/eks/).
+* [Helm 3](https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install).
+* [kubectl 1.21+](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl).
+
+## 1. VictoriaMetrics Helm repository
+
+See how to work with a [VictoriaMetrics Helm repository in previous guide](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/k8s-monitoring-via-vm-cluster.html#1-victoriametrics-helm-repository). 
+
+## 2. Install the VM Operator from the Helm chart
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
+
+```bash
+helm install operator vm/victoria-metrics-operator
+```
+
+</div>
+
+The expected output is:
+
+```bash
+NAME: vmoperator
+LAST DEPLOYED: Thu Sep 30 17:30:30 2021
+NAMESPACE: default
+STATUS: deployed
+REVISION: 1
+TEST SUITE: None
+NOTES:
+victoria-metrics-operator has been installed. Check its status by running:
+  kubectl --namespace default get pods -l "app.kubernetes.io/instance=vmoperator"
+
+Get more information on https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/helm-charts/tree/master/charts/victoria-metrics-operator.
+See "Getting started guide for VM Operator" on https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/getting-started-with-vm-operator.html.
+```
+
+Run the following command to check that VM Operator is up and running:
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
+
+```bash
+kubectl --namespace default get pods -l "app.kubernetes.io/instance=vmoperator"
+```
+</div>
+
+The expected output:
+```bash
+NAME                                                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
+vmoperator-victoria-metrics-operator-67cff44cd6-s47n6   1/1     Running   0          77s
+```
+
+## 3. Install VictoriaMetrics Cluster
+
+> For this example we will use default value for `name: example-vmcluster-persistent`. Change it value up to your needs.
+Run the following command to install [VictoriaMetrics Cluster](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Cluster-VictoriaMetrics.html) via [VM Operator](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/helm-charts/tree/master/charts/victoria-metrics-operator):
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1" id="example-cluster-config">
+
+```bash
+cat << EOF | kubectl apply -f -
+apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
+kind: VMCluster
+metadata:
+  name: example-vmcluster-persistent
+spec:
+  # Add fields here
+  retentionPeriod: "12"
+  vmstorage:
+    replicaCount: 2
+  vmselect:
+    replicaCount: 2
+  vminsert:
+    replicaCount: 2
+EOF
+```
+</div>
+
+The expected output:
+
+```bash
+vmcluster.operator.victoriametrics.com/example-vmcluster-persistent created
+```
+
+* By applying this CRD we install the [VictoriaMetrics cluster](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Cluster-VictoriaMetrics.html) to the default [namespace](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/namespaces/) inside your cluster.
+* `retentionPeriod: "12"` defines the [retention](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#retention) to 12 months.
+* `replicationFactor: 2` refers to the replication factor for the ingested data, i.e. how many copies should be made among distinct `-storageNode` instances. If the replication factor is greater than one, the deduplication must be enabled on the remote storage side.
+* `dedup.minScrapeInterval: 1ms` would de-duplicate data points on the same time series if they fall within the same discrete 1ms bucket. The earliest data point will be kept. In the case of equal timestamps, an arbitrary data point will be kept. See [Deduplication](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/#deduplication) .
+* `replicaCount: 2` creates two replicas of vmselect, vminsert and vmstorage.
+* `storageDataPath: "/vm-data"` will create volume for `vmstorage` at `/vm-data` folder.
+* `resources: ` configures resources for pod. See [k8s resource configuration docs](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers) to get more information.
+
+
+Please note that it may take some time for the pods to start. To check that the pods are started, run the following command:
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1" id="example-cluster-config">
+
+```bash
+kubectl get pods | grep vmcluster
+```
+</div>
+
+The expected output:
+```bash
+NAME                                                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
+vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent-845849cb84-9vb6f   1/1     Running   0          5m15s
+vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent-845849cb84-r7mmk   1/1     Running   0          5m15s
+vmoperator-victoria-metrics-operator-67cff44cd6-s47n6    1/1     Running   0          7m16s
+vmselect-example-vmcluster-persistent-0                  1/1     Running   0          5m21s
+vmselect-example-vmcluster-persistent-1                  1/1     Running   0          5m21s
+vmstorage-example-vmcluster-persistent-0                 1/1     Running   0          5m25s
+vmstorage-example-vmcluster-persistent-1                 1/1     Running   0          5m25s
+```
+
+There is an extra command to get information about the cluster state:
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1" id="services">
+
+```bash
+kubectl get vmclusters
+```
+</div>
+
+The expected output:
+```bash
+NAME                           INSERT COUNT   STORAGE COUNT   SELECT COUNT   AGE     STATUS
+example-vmcluster-persistent   2              2               2              5m53s   operational
+```
+
+Internet traffic goes through the Kubernetes Load balancer which use the set of Pods targeted by a [Kubernetes Service](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/). The service in [VictoriaMetrics Cluster architecture](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Cluster-VictoriaMetrics.html#architecture-overview) which accepts the ingested data named `vminsert` and in Kubernetes it is a `vminsert ` service. So we need to use it for remote_write url.
+
+To get the name of `vminsert` services, please run the following command:
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1" id="services">
+
+```bash
+kubectl get svc | grep vminsert
+```
+</div>
+
+The expected output:
+
+```bash
+vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent    ClusterIP   10.107.47.136   <none>        8480/TCP                     5m58s
+```
+
+To scrape metrics from Kubernetes with a VictoriaMetrics Cluster we will need to install [VMAgent](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html) with some additional configurations.
+Copy `vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent` (or whatever user put into metadata.name field [https://docs.victoriametrics.com/getting-started-with-vm-operator.html#example-cluster-config](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/getting-started-with-vm-operator.html#example-cluster-config)) service name and add it to the `remoteWrite` URL from [quick-start example](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/operator/blob/master/docs/quick-start.MD#vmagent). 
+Here is an example of the full configuration that we need to apply:
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
+
+```bash
+cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
+apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
+kind: VMAgent
+metadata:
+  name: example-vmagent
+spec:
+  serviceScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
+  podScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
+  podScrapeSelector: {}
+  serviceScrapeSelector: {}
+  nodeScrapeSelector: {}
+  nodeScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
+  staticScrapeSelector: {}
+  staticScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
+  replicaCount: 1
+  remoteWrite:
+    - url: "http://vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent.default.svc.cluster.local:8480/insert/0/prometheus/api/v1/write"
+EOF
+```
+</div>
+
+
+The expected output:
+```bash
+vmagent.operator.victoriametrics.com/example-vmagent created
+```
+
+>`remoteWrite.url` for VMAgent consists of the following parts:
+> service_name + VMCLuster_namespace + svc + kubernetes_cluster_domain that in our case will look like vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent.default.svc.cluster.local
+
+Verify that `VMAgent` is up and running by executing the following command:
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
+
+```bash
+kubectl get pods | grep vmagent
+```
+</div>
+
+The expected output is:
+
+```bash
+vmagent-example-vmagent-7996844b5f-b5rzs                 2/2     Running   0          9s
+```
+
+> There are two containers for VMagent: the first one is a VMagent and the second one is a sidecard with a secret. VMagent use a secret with configuration wich is mounted to the special sidecar. It observes the changes with configuration and send a signal to reload configuration for the VMagent.
+
+Run the following command to make `VMAgent`'s port accessible from the local machine:
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
+
+</div>
+
+```bash
+kubectl port-forward svc/vmagent-example-vmagent 8429:8429
+```
+
+The expected output is:
+
+```bash
+Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:8429 -> 8429
+Forwarding from [::1]:8429 -> 8429
+```
+
+To check that `VMAgent` collects metrics from the k8s cluster open in the browser [http://127.0.0.1:8429/targets](http://127.0.0.1:8429/targets) .
+You will see something like this:
+
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="guide-vmcluster-k8s-via-vm-operator.png" width="800" alt="">
+</p>
+
+`VMAgent` connects to [kubernetes service discovery](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/) and gets targets which needs to be scraped. This service discovery is controlled by [VictoriaMetrics Operator](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/operator)
+
+## 4. Verifying VictoriaMetrics cluster
+
+See [how to install and connect Grafana to VictoriaMetrics](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/k8s-monitoring-via-vm-cluster.html#4-install-and-connect-grafana-to-victoriametrics-with-helm) but with one addition - we should get the name of `vmselect` service from the freshly installed VictoriaMetrics Cluster because it will now be different.
+
+To get the new service name, please run the following command:
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1" id="services">
+
+```bash
+kubectl get svc | grep vmselect
+```
+</div>
+
+The expected output:
+
+```bash
+vmselect-example-vmcluster-persistent    ClusterIP   None             <none>        8481/TCP                     7m
+```
+
+The final config will look like this:
+
+<div class="with-copy" markdown="1">
+
+```yaml
+cat <<EOF | helm install my-grafana grafana/grafana -f -
+  datasources:
+    datasources.yaml:
+      apiVersion: 1
+      datasources:
+        - name: victoriametrics
+          type: prometheus
+          orgId: 1
+          url: http://vmselect-example-vmcluster-persistent.default.svc.cluster.local:8481/select/0/prometheus/
+          access: proxy
+          isDefault: true
+          updateIntervalSeconds: 10
+          editable: true
+
+  dashboardProviders:
+   dashboardproviders.yaml:
+     apiVersion: 1
+     providers:
+     - name: 'default'
+       orgId: 1
+       folder: ''
+       type: file
+       disableDeletion: true
+       editable: true
+       options:
+         path: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards/default
+
+  dashboards:
+    default:
+      victoriametrics:
+        gnetId: 11176
+        revision: 16
+        datasource: victoriametrics
+      vmagent:
+        gnetId: 12683
+        revision: 6
+        datasource: victoriametrics
+      kubernetes:
+        gnetId: 14205
+        revision: 1
+        datasource: victoriametrics
+EOF
+```
+</div>
+
+
+## 5. Check the result you obtained in your browser
+
+To check that [VictoriaMetrics](https://victoriametrics.com) collecting metrics from the k8s cluster open in your browser [http://127.0.0.1:3000/dashboards](http://127.0.0.1:3000/dashboards) and choose the `VictoriaMetrics - cluster` dashboard. Use `admin` for login and the `password` that you previously got from kubectl. 
+
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="guide-vmcluster-k8s-via-vm-operator-grafana1.png" width="800" alt="grafana dashboards">
+</p>
+
+The expected output is:
+
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="guide-vmcluster-k8s-via-vm-operator-grafana2.png" width="800" alt="grafana dashboards">
+</p>
+
+## 6. Summary
+
+* We set up Kubernetes Operator for VictoriaMetrics with using CRD.
+* We collected metrics from all running services and stored them in the VictoriaMetrics database.
+* We configured `dedup.minScrapeInterval` and `replicationFactor` for the VictoriaMetrics cluster for high availability purposes.