lib/uint64set: optimize adding items to the set via Set.AddMulti

lib/storage/index_db.go

@@ -1218,9 +1218,7 @@ func (db *indexDB) deleteMetricIDs(metricIDs []uint64) error {
 
 	// atomically add deleted metricIDs to an inmemory map.
 	dmis := &uint64set.Set{}
-	for _, metricID := range metricIDs {
+	dmis.AddMulti(metricIDs)
-		dmis.Add(metricID)
-	}
 	db.updateDeletedMetricIDs(dmis)
 
 	// Reset TagFilters -> TSIDS cache, since it may contain deleted TSIDs.
@@ -2177,9 +2175,7 @@ func (is *indexSearch) updateMetricIDsForOrSuffixNoFilter(prefix []byte, maxMetr
 			return errFallbackToMetricNameMatch
 		}
 		mp.ParseMetricIDs()
-		for _, metricID := range mp.MetricIDs {
+		metricIDs.AddMulti(mp.MetricIDs)
-			metricIDs.Add(metricID)
-		}
 	}
 	if err := ts.Error(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error when searching for tag filter prefix %q: %w", prefix, err)
@@ -2750,9 +2746,7 @@ func (is *indexSearch) updateMetricIDsForPrefix(prefix []byte, metricIDs *uint64
 			return err
 		}
 		mp.ParseMetricIDs()
-		for _, metricID := range mp.MetricIDs {
+		metricIDs.AddMulti(mp.MetricIDs)
-			metricIDs.Add(metricID)
-		}
 		if metricIDs.Len() >= maxMetrics {
 			return nil
 		}

lib/storage/storage.go

@@ -861,9 +861,7 @@ func (s *Storage) prefetchMetricNames(tsids []TSID) error {
 
 	// Store the pre-fetched metricIDs, so they aren't pre-fetched next time.
 	prefetchedMetricIDsNew := prefetchedMetricIDs.Clone()
-	for _, metricID := range metricIDs {
+	prefetchedMetricIDsNew.AddMulti(metricIDs)
-		prefetchedMetricIDsNew.Add(metricID)
-	}
 	s.prefetchedMetricIDs.Store(prefetchedMetricIDsNew)
 	return nil
 }

lib/uint64set/uint64set.go

@@ -126,14 +126,51 @@ func (s *Set) Add(x uint64) {
 			return
 		}
 	}
-	s.addAlloc(hi32, lo32)
+	b32 := s.addBucket32()
+	b32.hi = hi32
+	_ = b32.add(lo32)
+	s.itemsCount++
 }
 
-func (s *Set) addAlloc(hi, lo uint32) {
+// AddMulti adds all the items from a to s.
-	b32 := s.addBucket32()
+//
-	b32.hi = hi
+// It is usually faster than calling s.Add() for each item in a.
-	_ = b32.add(lo)
+//
-	s.itemsCount++
+// The caller is responsible for splitting a into items with clustered values.
+func (s *Set) AddMulti(a []uint64) {
+	if len(a) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	slowPath := false
+	hi := uint32(a[0] >> 32)
+	for _, x := range a[1:] {
+		if hi != uint32(x>>32) {
+			slowPath = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if slowPath {
+		for _, x := range a {
+			s.Add(x)
+		}
+		return
+	}
+	// Fast path - all the items in a have identical higher 32 bits.
+	// Put them in a bulk into the corresponding bucket32.
+	bs := s.buckets
+	var b32 *bucket32
+	for i := range bs {
+		if bs[i].hi == hi {
+			b32 = &bs[i]
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if b32 == nil {
+		b32 = s.addBucket32()
+		b32.hi = hi
+	}
+	n := b32.addMulti(a)
+	s.itemsCount += n
 }
 
 func (s *Set) addBucket32() *bucket32 {
@@ -568,11 +605,53 @@ func (b *bucket32) add(x uint32) bool {
 	return b.addSlow(hi, lo)
 }
 
+func (b *bucket32) addMulti(a []uint64) int {
+	if len(a) == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	hi := uint16(a[0] >> 16)
+	slowPath := false
+	for _, x := range a[1:] {
+		if hi != uint16(x>>16) {
+			slowPath = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if slowPath {
+		count := 0
+		for _, x := range a {
+			if b.add(uint32(x)) {
+				count++
+			}
+		}
+		return count
+	}
+	// Fast path - all the items in a have identical higher 32+16 bits.
+	// Put them to a single bucket16 in a bulk.
+	var b16 *bucket16
+	his := b.b16his
+	bs := b.buckets
+	if n := b.getHint(); n < uint32(len(his)) && his[n] == hi {
+		b16 = &bs[n]
+	}
+	if b16 == nil {
+		n := binarySearch16(his, hi)
+		if n < 0 || n >= len(his) || his[n] != hi {
+			b16 = b.addBucketAtPos(hi, n)
+		} else {
+			b.setHint(n)
+			b16 = &bs[n]
+		}
+	}
+	return b16.addMulti(a)
+}
+
 func (b *bucket32) addSlow(hi, lo uint16) bool {
 	his := b.b16his
 	n := binarySearch16(his, hi)
 	if n < 0 || n >= len(his) || his[n] != hi {
-		b.addAlloc(hi, lo, n)
+		b16 := b.addBucketAtPos(hi, n)
+		b16.add(lo)
 		return true
 	}
 	b.setHint(n)
@@ -586,22 +665,20 @@ func (b *bucket32) addBucket16(hi uint16) *bucket16 {
 	return &b.buckets[len(b.buckets)-1]
 }
 
-func (b *bucket32) addAlloc(hi, lo uint16, n int) {
+func (b *bucket32) addBucketAtPos(hi uint16, pos int) *bucket16 {
-	if n < 0 {
+	if pos < 0 {
 		// This is a hint to Go compiler to remove automatic bounds checks below.
-		return
+		return nil
 	}
-	if n >= len(b.b16his) {
+	if pos >= len(b.b16his) {
-		b16 := b.addBucket16(hi)
+		return b.addBucket16(hi)
-		_ = b16.add(lo)
-		return
 	}
-	b.b16his = append(b.b16his[:n+1], b.b16his[n:]...)
+	b.b16his = append(b.b16his[:pos+1], b.b16his[pos:]...)
-	b.b16his[n] = hi
+	b.b16his[pos] = hi
-	b.buckets = append(b.buckets[:n+1], b.buckets[n:]...)
+	b.buckets = append(b.buckets[:pos+1], b.buckets[pos:]...)
-	b16 := &b.buckets[n]
+	b16 := &b.buckets[pos]
 	*b16 = bucket16{}
-	_ = b16.add(lo)
+	return b16
 }
 
 func (b *bucket32) has(x uint32) bool {
@@ -766,6 +843,29 @@ func (b *bucket16) add(x uint16) bool {
 	return ok
 }
 
+func (b *bucket16) addMulti(a []uint64) int {
+	count := 0
+	if b.bits == nil {
+		// Slow path
+		for _, x := range a {
+			if b.add(uint16(x)) {
+				count++
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Fast path
+		for _, x := range a {
+			wordNum, bitMask := getWordNumBitMask(uint16(x))
+			word := &b.bits[wordNum]
+			if *word&bitMask == 0 {
+				count++
+			}
+			*word |= bitMask
+		}
+	}
+	return count
+}
+
 func (b *bucket16) addToSmallPool(x uint16) bool {
 	if b.hasInSmallPool(x) {
 		return false

lib/uint64set/uint64set_test.go

@@ -688,3 +688,72 @@ func testSetSparseItems(t *testing.T, itemsCount int) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestAddMulti(t *testing.T) {
+	f := func(a []uint64) {
+		t.Helper()
+		var s1, s2 Set
+		s1.AddMulti(a)
+		for _, x := range a {
+			s2.Add(x)
+		}
+		if s1.Len() != s2.Len() {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected number of items in the set; got %d; want %d\nset:\n%d", s1.Len(), s2.Len(), s1.AppendTo(nil))
+		}
+		for _, x := range a {
+			if !s1.Has(x) {
+				t.Fatalf("missing item %d in the set", x)
+			}
+		}
+		a1 := s1.AppendTo(nil)
+		a2 := s2.AppendTo(nil)
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(a1, a2) {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected items in the set;\ngot\n%d\nwant\n%d", a1, a2)
+		}
+
+		// Try removing and then adding again all the items via AddMulti() to s1.
+		for _, x := range a {
+			s1.Del(x)
+		}
+		if s1.Len() != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("non-zero number of items left after deletion: %d", s1.Len())
+		}
+		s1.AddMulti(a)
+		if s1.Len() != s2.Len() {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected number of items in the reused set; got %d; want %d", s1.Len(), s2.Len())
+		}
+		for _, x := range a {
+			if !s1.Has(x) {
+				t.Fatalf("missing item %d in the reused set", x)
+			}
+		}
+		a1 = s1.AppendTo(nil)
+		a2 = s2.AppendTo(nil)
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(a1, a2) {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected items in the reused set;\ngot\n%d\nwant\n%d", a1, a2)
+		}
+	}
+	f(nil)
+	f([]uint64{1})
+	f([]uint64{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+	f([]uint64{0, 1 << 16, 2 << 16, 2<<16 + 1})
+	f([]uint64{0, 1 << 16, 2 << 16, 2<<16 + 1, 1 << 32, 2 << 32, 2<<32 + 1})
+
+	var a []uint64
+	for i := 0; i < 32000; i++ {
+		a = append(a, uint64(i))
+	}
+	f(a)
+
+	a = nil
+	for i := 0; i < 32000; i++ {
+		a = append(a, 1<<16+uint64(i))
+	}
+	f(a)
+
+	a = nil
+	for i := 0; i < 100000; i++ {
+		a = append(a, 1<<32+uint64(i))
+	}
+	f(a)
+}

lib/uint64set/uint64set_timing_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,28 @@ import (
 	"github.com/valyala/fastrand"
 )
 
+func BenchmarkAddMulti(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, itemsCount := range []int{1e3, 1e4, 1e5, 1e6, 1e7} {
+		start := uint64(time.Now().UnixNano())
+		sa := createRangeSet(start, itemsCount)
+		a := sa.AppendTo(nil)
+		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("items_%d", itemsCount), func(b *testing.B) {
+			benchmarkAddMulti(b, a)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAdd(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, itemsCount := range []int{1e3, 1e4, 1e5, 1e6, 1e7} {
+		start := uint64(time.Now().UnixNano())
+		sa := createRangeSet(start, itemsCount)
+		a := sa.AppendTo(nil)
+		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("items_%d", itemsCount), func(b *testing.B) {
+			benchmarkAdd(b, a)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func BenchmarkUnionNoOverlap(b *testing.B) {
 	for _, itemsCount := range []int{1e3, 1e4, 1e5, 1e6, 1e7} {
 		start := uint64(time.Now().UnixNano())
@@ -41,6 +63,38 @@ func BenchmarkUnionFullOverlap(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 }
 
+func benchmarkAdd(b *testing.B, a []uint64) {
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+	b.SetBytes(int64(len(a)))
+	b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+		for pb.Next() {
+			var s Set
+			for _, x := range a {
+				s.Add(x)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func benchmarkAddMulti(b *testing.B, a []uint64) {
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+	b.SetBytes(int64(len(a)))
+	b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+		for pb.Next() {
+			var s Set
+			n := 0
+			for n < len(a) {
+				m := n + 64
+				if m > len(a) {
+					m = len(a)
+				}
+				s.AddMulti(a[n:m])
+				n = m
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 func benchmarkUnion(b *testing.B, sa, sb *Set) {
 	b.ReportAllocs()
 	b.SetBytes(int64(sa.Len() + sb.Len()))