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382 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
382 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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sort: 7
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weight: 7
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title: High Availability
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menu:
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docs:
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parent: "operator"
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weight: 7
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aliases:
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- /operator/high-availability.html
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---
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# High Availability
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High availability is not only important for customer-facing software but if the monitoring infrastructure is not highly available, then there is a risk that operations people are not notified of alerts. Therefore high availability must be just as thought through for the monitoring stack, as for anything else.
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## VMAgent
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To run VMAgent in a highly available manner you have to configure deduplication at Victoria Metrics first [doc](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/blob/master/docs/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.md#deduplication)
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Then increase replicas for VMAgent.
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create `VMSingle` with dedup flag:
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```yaml
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cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMSingle
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metadata:
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name: example-vmsingle-persisted
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spec:
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retentionPeriod: "1"
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extraArgs:
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dedup.minScrapeInterval: 60s
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EOF
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```
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create `VMAgent` with 2 replicas:
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```yaml
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cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAgent
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metadata:
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name: example-vmagent
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spec:
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serviceScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
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podScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
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podScrapeSelector: {}
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serviceScrapeSelector: {}
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scrapeInterval: 60s
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vmAgentExternalLabelName: vmagent-ha
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replicaCount: 2
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remoteWrite:
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- url: "http://vmsingle-example-vmsingle-persisted.default.svc:8429/api/v1/write"
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EOF
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```
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### Sharding
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Sharding for `VMAgent` distributes scraping between multiple deployments of `VMAgent`.
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more info https://victoriametrics.github.io/vmagent.html#scraping-big-number-of-targets
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Example usage:
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```yaml
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cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAgent
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metadata:
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name: example-vmagent
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spec:
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serviceScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
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podScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
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podScrapeSelector: {}
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serviceScrapeSelector: {}
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scrapeInterval: 60s
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vmAgentExternalLabelName: vmagent-ha
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shardCount: 5
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replicaCount: 2
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remoteWrite:
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- url: "http://vmsingle-example-vmsingle-persisted.default.svc:8429/api/v1/write"
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affinity:
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podAntiAffinity:
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preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
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- podAffinityTerm:
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labelSelector:
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matchLabels:
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shard-num: '%SHARD_NUM%'
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topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
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EOF
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```
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This configuration produces 5 deployments with 2 replicas at each. Each deployment has its own shard num
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and scrapes only 1/5 of all targets.
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You can use special placeholder `%SHARD_NUM%` in any field of `VMAgent` specification.
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and operator will replace it with current shard num of vmagent when creating deployment or statefullset for vmagent.
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In the example above, the `%SHARD_NUM%` placeholder is used in the `podAntiAffinity` section,
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which recommend to scheduler that pods with the same shard num (label `shard-num` in the pod template)
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are not deployed on the same node. You can use another `topologyKey` for availability zone or region instead of nodes.
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### StatefulMode
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In `StatefulMode` `VMAgent` doesn't lose state of the PersistentQueue (file-based buffer size for unsent data) on pod restarts.
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Operator creates `StatefulSet` and, with provided `PersistenVolumeClaimTemplate` at `StatefulStorage` configuration param, metrics queue is stored on disk.
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Example of configuration:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAgent
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metadata:
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name: example-persistent
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spec:
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selectAllByDefault: true
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vmAgentExternalLabelName: vmagent-ha
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replicaCount: 2
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remoteWrite:
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- url: "http://vmsingle-example-vmsingle-persisted.default.svc:8429/api/v1/write"
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statefulMode: true
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statefulStorage:
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volumeClaimTemplate:
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spec:
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resources:
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requests:
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storage: 20Gi
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```
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## VMAlert
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It can be launched with multiple replicas without an additional configuration, alertmanager is responsible for alert deduplication.
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Note, if you want to use `VMAlert` with high-available `VMAlertmanager`, which has more than 1 replica. You have to specify all pod fqdns
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at `VMAlert.spec.notifiers.[url]`. Or you can use service discovery for notifier, examples:
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alertmanager:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Secret
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metadata:
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name: vmalertmanager-example-alertmanager
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labels:
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app: vm-operator
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type: Opaque
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stringData:
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alertmanager.yaml: |
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global:
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resolve_timeout: 5m
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route:
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group_by: ['job']
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group_wait: 30s
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group_interval: 5m
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repeat_interval: 12h
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receiver: 'webhook'
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receivers:
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- name: 'webhook'
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webhook_configs:
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- url: 'http://alertmanagerwh:30500/'
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---
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: example
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namespace: default
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labels:
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usage: dedicated
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spec:
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replicaCount: 2
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configSecret: vmalertmanager-example-alertmanager
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configSelector: {}
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configNamespaceSelector: {}
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```
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vmalert with fqdns:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlert
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metadata:
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name: example-ha
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namespace: default
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spec:
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datasource:
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url: http://vmsingle-example.default.svc:8429
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notifiers:
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- url: http://vmalertmanager-example-0.vmalertmanager-example.default.svc:9093
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- url: http://vmalertmanager-example-1.vmalertmanager-example.default.svc:9093
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```
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vmalert with service discovery:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlert
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metadata:
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name: example-ha
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namespace: default
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spec:
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datasource:
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url: http://vmsingle-example.default.svc:8429
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notifiers:
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- selector:
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namespaceSelector:
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matchNames:
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- default
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labelSelector:
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matchLabels:
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usage: dedicated
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```
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## VMSingle
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It doesn't support high availability by default, for such purpose use VMCluster or duplicate the setup.
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## VMCluster
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The cluster version provides a full set of high availability features - metrics replication, node failover, horizontal scaling.
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For using the cluster version you have to create the corresponding CRD object:
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```yaml
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cat << EOF | kubectl apply -f -
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMCluster
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metadata:
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name: example-vmcluster-persistent
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spec:
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retentionPeriod: "4"
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replicationFactor: 2
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vmstorage:
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replicaCount: 2
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storageDataPath: "/vm-data"
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podMetadata:
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labels:
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owner: infra
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affinity:
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podAntiAffinity:
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requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
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- labelSelector:
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matchExpressions:
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- key: "app.kubernetes.io/name"
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operator: In
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values:
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- "vmstorage"
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topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname"
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storage:
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volumeClaimTemplate:
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spec:
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resources:
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requests:
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storage: 10Gi
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resources:
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limits:
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cpu: "2"
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memory: 2048Mi
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vmselect:
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replicaCount: 2
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cacheMountPath: "/select-cache"
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podMetadata:
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labels:
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owner: infra
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affinity:
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podAntiAffinity:
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requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
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- labelSelector:
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matchExpressions:
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- key: "app.kubernetes.io/name"
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operator: In
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values:
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- "vmselect"
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topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname"
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storage:
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volumeClaimTemplate:
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spec:
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resources:
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requests:
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storage: 2Gi
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resources:
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limits:
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cpu: "1"
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memory: "500Mi"
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vminsert:
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replicaCount: 2
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podMetadata:
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labels:
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owner: infra
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affinity:
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podAntiAffinity:
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requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
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- labelSelector:
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matchExpressions:
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- key: "app.kubernetes.io/name"
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operator: In
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values:
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- "vminsert"
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topologyKey: "kubernetes.io/hostname"
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resources:
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limits:
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cpu: "1"
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memory: "500Mi"
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EOF
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```
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Then wait for the cluster becomes ready
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```console
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kubectl get vmclusters -w
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NAME INSERT COUNT STORAGE COUNT SELECT COUNT AGE STATUS
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example-vmcluster-persistent 2 2 2 2s expanding
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example-vmcluster-persistent 2 2 2 30s operational
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```
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Get links for connection by executing the command:
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```console
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kubectl get svc -l app.kubernetes.io/instance=example-vmcluster-persistent
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent ClusterIP 10.96.34.94 <none> 8480/TCP 69s
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vmselect-example-vmcluster-persistent ClusterIP None <none> 8481/TCP 79s
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vmstorage-example-vmcluster-persistent ClusterIP None <none> 8482/TCP,8400/TCP,8401/TCP 85s
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```
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Now you can connect vmagent to vminsert and vmalert to vmselect
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>NOTE do not forget to create rbac for vmagent
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```yaml
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cat << EOF | kubectl apply -f -
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAgent
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metadata:
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name: example-vmagent
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spec:
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serviceScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
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serviceScrapeSelector: {}
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podScrapeNamespaceSelector: {}
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podScrapeSelector: {}
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# Add fields here
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replicaCount: 1
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remoteWrite:
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- url: "http://vminsert-example-vmcluster-persistent.default.svc.cluster.local:8480/insert/0/prometheus/api/v1/write"
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EOF
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```
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Config for vmalert
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```yaml
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cat << EOF | kubectl apply -f -
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlert
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metadata:
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name: example-vmalert
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spec:
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# Add fields here
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replicas: 1
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datasource:
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url: "http://vmselect-example-vmcluster-persistent.default.svc.cluster.local:8481/select/0/prometheus"
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notifier:
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url: "http://alertmanager-operated.default.svc:9093"
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evaluationInterval: "10s"
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ruleSelector: {}
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EOF
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```
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## Alertmanager
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The final step of the high availability scheme is Alertmanager, when an alert triggers, actually fire alerts against *all* instances of an Alertmanager cluster.
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The Alertmanager, starting with the `v0.5.0` release, ships with a high availability mode. It implements a gossip protocol to synchronize instances of an Alertmanager cluster regarding notifications that have been sent out, to prevent duplicate notifications. It is an AP (available and partition tolerant) system. Being an AP system means that notifications are guaranteed to be sent at least once.
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The Victoria Metrics Operator ensures that Alertmanager clusters are properly configured to run highly available on Kubernetes.
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