/* Copyright (c) Citrix Systems Inc. 
 * All rights reserved. 
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, 
 * with or without modification, are permitted provided 
 * that the following conditions are met: 
 * 
 * *   Redistributions of source code must retain the above 
 *     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the 
 *     following disclaimer. 
 * *   Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above 
 *     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the 
 *     following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other 
 *     materials provided with the distribution. 
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND 
 * CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, 
 * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR 
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 
 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, 
 * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING 
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.IO;
using XenAdmin.Network;

using XenAPI;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Xml;
using System.Diagnostics;


namespace XenAdmin.Core
{
    public static class Helpers
    {
        private static readonly log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(System.Reflection.MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);

        private const long XLVHD_DEF_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR = 10000;
        public const long XLVHD_MIN_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR = 50000;
        public const long XLVHD_MAX_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR = 4000;
        public const long XLVHD_MIN_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM = 16777216; // 16 MB

        public const int DEFAULT_NAME_TRIM_LENGTH = 50;
        
        public const string GuiTempObjectPrefix = "__gui__";

        public const int CUSTOM_BUILD_NUMBER = 6666;

        public static NumberFormatInfo _nfi = new CultureInfo("en-US", false).NumberFormat;

        public static readonly Regex SessionRefRegex = new Regex(@"OpaqueRef:[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12}");


        /// <summary>
        /// Determine if the given URL represents a simulator db proxy
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool DbProxyIsSimulatorUrl(string url)
        {
            return url.EndsWith(".db") || url.EndsWith(".xml") || url.EndsWith(".tmp");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Return the build number of the given host, or the build number of the master if the
        /// given host does not have a build number, or -1 if we can't find one.  This will often be
        /// 0 or -1 for developer builds, so comparisons should generally treat those numbers as if
        /// they were brand new.
        /// </summary>
        public static int HostBuildNumber(Host host)
        {
            if (host.BuildNumber <= 0)
            {
                Host master = GetMaster(host.Connection);
                return master == null ? -1 : master.BuildNumber;
            }
            else
            {
                return host.BuildNumber;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Return the given host's product version, or the pool master's product version if
        /// the host does not have one, or null if none can be found.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Host">May be null.</param>
        public static string HostProductVersion(Host host)
        {
            return FromHostOrMaster(host, h => h.ProductVersion);
        }

        public static string HostProductVersionText(Host host)
        {
            return FromHostOrMaster(host, h => h.ProductVersionText);
        }

        public static string HostProductVersionTextShort(Host host)
        {
            return FromHostOrMaster(host, h => h.ProductVersionTextShort);
        }

        public static string HostPlatformVersion(Host host)
        {
            if (host == null)
                return null;

            return host.PlatformVersion;
        }

        private delegate string HostToStr(Host host);
        private static string FromHostOrMaster(Host host, HostToStr fn)
        {
            if (host == null)
                return null;

            string output = fn(host);

            if (output == null)
            {
                Host master = GetMaster(host.Connection);
                return master == null ? null : fn(master);
            }

            return output;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Only log the unrecognised version message once (CA-11201).
        /// </summary>
        private static bool _unrecognisedVersionWarned = false;
        /// <summary>
        /// Numbers should have three parts, i.e. be in the form a.b.c, otherwise they won't be parsed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="version1">May be null.</param>
        /// <param name="version2">May be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int productVersionCompare(string version1, string version2)
        {
            // Assume version numbers are of form 'a.b.c'
            int a1 = 99, b1 = 99, c1 = 99, a2 = 99, b2 = 99, c2 = 99;


            string[] tokens = null;
            if (version1 != null)
                tokens = version1.Split('.');
            if (tokens != null && tokens.Length == 3)
            {
                a1 = int.Parse(tokens[0]);
                b1 = int.Parse(tokens[1]);
                c1 = int.Parse(tokens[2]);
            }
            else
            {
                if (!_unrecognisedVersionWarned)
                {
                    log.DebugFormat("Unrecognised version format {0} - treating as developer version", version1);
                    _unrecognisedVersionWarned = true;
                }
            }
            tokens = null;
            if (version2 != null)
                tokens = version2.Split('.');
            if (tokens != null && tokens.Length == 3)
            {
                a2 = int.Parse(tokens[0]);
                b2 = int.Parse(tokens[1]);
                c2 = int.Parse(tokens[2]);
            }
            else
            {
                if (!_unrecognisedVersionWarned)
                {
                    log.DebugFormat("Unrecognised version format {0} - treating as developer version", version2);
                    _unrecognisedVersionWarned = true;
                }
            }

            if (a2 > a1)
            {
                return -1;
            }
            else if (a2 == a1)
            {
                if (b2 > b1)
                {
                    return -1;
                }
                else if (b2 == b1)
                {
                    if (c2 > c1)
                    {
                        return -1;
                    }
                    else if (c1 == c2)
                    {
                        return 0;
                    }
                }
            }
            return 1;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the pool for the provided connection. Returns null if we have
        /// a standalone host (or the provided connection is null).
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks> To obtain the pool object for the case of a standalone host
        /// use GetPoolOfOne.</remarks>
        public static Pool GetPool(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            if (connection == null)
                return null;

            foreach (Pool thePool in connection.Cache.Pools)
            {
                if (thePool != null && thePool.IsVisible)
                    return thePool;
            }
            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the unique Pool object corresponding to the given connection.
        /// Returns the pool object even in the case of a standalone host. May
        /// return null if the cache is still being populated or the given
        /// connection is null.
        /// </summary>
        public static Pool GetPoolOfOne(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            if (connection == null)
                return null;

            foreach (Pool pool in connection.Cache.Pools)
                return pool;
            
            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Return the host object representing the master of the given connection, or null if the
        /// cache is being populated.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">May not be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Host GetMaster(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            Pool pool = GetPoolOfOne(connection);
            return pool == null ? null : connection.Resolve(pool.master);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Return the host object representing the master of the given pool.
        /// (If pool is null, returns null).
        /// </summary>
        public static Host GetMaster(Pool pool)
        {
            return pool == null ? null : pool.Connection.Resolve(pool.master);
        }

        public static bool HostIsMaster(Host host)
        {
            Pool pool = Helpers.GetPoolOfOne(host.Connection);
            if (pool == null) //Cache is being populated...  what do we do?
                return false;
            return host.opaque_ref == pool.master.opaque_ref;
        }

        public static bool IsPool(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            return (GetPool(connection) != null);
        }

        /// <param name="pool">May be null, in which case the empty string is returned.</param>
        public static string GetName(Pool pool)
        {
            if (pool == null)
                return "";
            return pool.Name;
        }

        /// <param name="connection">May be null, in which case the empty string is returned.</param>
        public static string GetName(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            return connection == null ? "" : connection.Name;
        }

        /// <param name="o">May be null, in which case the empty string is returned.</param>
        public static string GetName(IXenObject o)
        {
            if (o == null)
                return "";
            return o.Name;
        }

        public static bool IsConnected(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            return (connection == null ? false : connection.IsConnected);
        }

        public static bool IsConnected(Pool pool)
        {
            return (pool == null ? false : IsConnected(pool.Connection));
        }

        public static bool IsConnected(Host host)
        {
            return (host == null ? false : IsConnected(host.Connection));
        }

        public static bool HasFullyConnectedSharedStorage(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            foreach (SR sr in connection.Cache.SRs)
            {
                if (sr.content_type != XenAPI.SR.Content_Type_ISO && sr.shared && sr.CanCreateVmOn())
                    return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// <param name="conn">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool TampaOrGreater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return conn == null ? true : TampaOrGreater(Helpers.GetMaster(conn));
        }

        /// <param name="host">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool TampaOrGreater(Host host)
        {
            if (host == null)
                return true;
            
            string platform_version = Helpers.HostPlatformVersion(host);
            return
                platform_version != null && Helpers.productVersionCompare(platform_version, "1.5.50") >= 0 ||
                Helpers.HostBuildNumber(host) == CUSTOM_BUILD_NUMBER;
        }

        public static bool SanibelOrGreater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return conn == null ? true : SanibelOrGreater(Helpers.GetMaster(conn));
        }

        public static bool SanibelOrGreater(Host host)
        {
            return
                TampaOrGreater(host) ||  // CP-2480
                Helpers.productVersionCompare(Helpers.HostProductVersion(host), "6.0.1") >= 0 ||
                Helpers.HostBuildNumber(host) == CUSTOM_BUILD_NUMBER;
        }

        /// <param name="conn">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool CreedenceOrGreater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return conn == null ? true : CreedenceOrGreater(Helpers.GetMaster(conn));
        }

        /// Creedence is ver. 1.9.0
        /// <param name="host">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool CreedenceOrGreater(Host host)
        {
            if (host == null)
                return true;

            string platform_version = HostPlatformVersion(host);
            return
                platform_version != null && productVersionCompare(platform_version, "1.8.90") >= 0 ||
                HostBuildNumber(host) == CUSTOM_BUILD_NUMBER;
        }

        /// <param name="conn">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool DundeeOrGreater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return conn == null ? true : DundeeOrGreater(Helpers.GetMaster(conn));
        }

        /// Dundee is ver. 2.0.0
        /// <param name="host">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool DundeeOrGreater(Host host)
        {
            if (host == null)
                return true;

            string platform_version = HostPlatformVersion(host);
            return
                platform_version != null && productVersionCompare(platform_version, "2.0.0") >= 0 ||
                HostBuildNumber(host) == CUSTOM_BUILD_NUMBER;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Cream (Creedence SP1) has API version 2.4
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool CreamOrGreater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return conn == null || conn.Session == null || conn.Session.APIVersion >= API_Version.API_2_4;
        }

        /// Clearwater is ver. 1.7.0
        /// <param name="conn">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool IsClearwater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            if(conn == null) return true;
            else {
                Host host = Helpers.GetMaster(conn);
                return (ClearwaterOrGreater(host) && !CreedenceOrGreater(host));
            }
        }

        /// <param name="conn">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool ClearwaterOrGreater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return conn == null ? true : ClearwaterOrGreater(Helpers.GetMaster(conn));
        }

        /// Clearwater is ver. 1.7.0
        /// <param name="host">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        public static bool ClearwaterOrGreater(Host host)
        {
            if (host == null)
                return true;

            string platform_version = HostPlatformVersion(host);
            return
                platform_version != null && productVersionCompare(platform_version, "1.6.900") >= 0 ||
                HostBuildNumber(host) == CUSTOM_BUILD_NUMBER;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Clearwater SP1 has API version 2.1
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">May be null, in which case true is returned.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool ClearwaterSp1OrGreater(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return conn == null || conn.Session == null || conn.Session.APIVersion >= API_Version.API_2_1;
        }

        // CP-3435: Disable Check for Updates in Common Criteria Certification project
        public static bool CommonCriteriaCertificationRelease
        {
            get { return false; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// WLB: Whether pool has wlb enabled.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">May not be null.</param>
        /// <returns>true when wlb is enabled, otherwise false</returns>
        public static bool WlbEnabled(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            //Clearwater doesn't has WLB
            if (IsClearwater(connection))
                return false;

            Pool pool = GetPoolOfOne(connection);
            if (pool == null)
                return false;

            return pool.wlb_enabled;
        }

        public static bool WlbEnabledAndConfigured(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return WlbEnabled(conn)&& WlbConfigured(conn);
        }

        public static bool WlbConfigured(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            //Clearwater doesn't has WLB
            if (IsClearwater(conn))
                return false;

            Pool p = GetPoolOfOne(conn);
            return (p != null && !String.IsNullOrEmpty(p.wlb_url));
        }

        public static bool CrossPoolMigrationRestrictedWithWlb(IXenConnection conn)
        {
            return WlbEnabledAndConfigured(conn) && !DundeeOrGreater(conn);
        }

        #region AllocationBoundsStructAndMethods
        public struct AllocationBounds
        {
            private readonly decimal min;
            private readonly decimal max;
            private readonly decimal defaultValue;
            private readonly string unit;

            public AllocationBounds(decimal min, decimal max, decimal defaultValue)
            {
                this.min = min;
                this.max = max;
                if (defaultValue < min)
                {
                    defaultValue = min;
                }
                else if (defaultValue > max)
                {
                    defaultValue = max;
                }
                this.defaultValue = defaultValue;
                if (defaultValue >= Util.BINARY_GIGA)
                    unit =  Messages.VAL_GIGB;
                else
                    unit = Messages.VAL_MEGB;
            }

            public AllocationBounds(decimal min, decimal max, decimal defaultValue, string unit)
                : this(min, max, defaultValue)
            {
                this.unit = unit;
            }

            public decimal Min
            {
                get
                {
                    return min;
                }
            }

            public decimal Max
            {
                get
                {
                    return max;
                }
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Returns the minimum in the appropriate units
            /// </summary>
            public decimal MinInUnits
            {
                get
                {
                    return GetValueInUnits(min);
                }
            }

            public decimal MaxInUnits
            {
                get
                {
                    return GetValueInUnits(max);
                }
            }

            public decimal DefaultValueInUnits
            {
                get
                {
                    return GetValueInUnits(defaultValue);
                }
            }

            public string Unit
            {
                get
                {
                   return unit;
                }
            }

            private decimal GetValueInUnits(decimal val)
            {
                if (unit == Messages.VAL_GIGB)
                    return val / Util.BINARY_GIGA;
                else
                    return val / Util.BINARY_MEGA;
            }
        }

        public static AllocationBounds SRIncrementalAllocationBounds(long SRSize)
        {
            decimal min = Math.Max(SRSize / XLVHD_MIN_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR , XLVHD_MIN_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM);
            decimal max = Math.Max(SRSize / XLVHD_MAX_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR, XLVHD_MIN_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM);
            decimal defaultValue = Math.Max(SRSize / XLVHD_DEF_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR, min);

            return new AllocationBounds(min, max, defaultValue);
        }

        public static AllocationBounds VDIIncrementalAllocationBounds(long SRSize, long SRIncrAllocation)
        {
            decimal min = Math.Max(SRSize / XLVHD_MIN_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR, XLVHD_MIN_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM);
            decimal max = Math.Max(SRSize / XLVHD_MAX_ALLOCATION_QUANTUM_DIVISOR, SRIncrAllocation);
            decimal defaultValue = SRIncrAllocation;

            return new AllocationBounds(min, max, defaultValue);
        }

        public static AllocationBounds SRInitialAllocationBounds(long SRSize)
        {
            decimal min = 0;
            decimal max = SRSize;
            decimal defaultValue = 0;

            return new AllocationBounds(min, max, defaultValue);
        }

        public static AllocationBounds VDIInitialAllocationBounds(long VDISize, long SRInitialAllocation)
        {
            decimal min = 0;
            decimal max = VDISize;
            decimal defaultValue = Math.Min(SRInitialAllocation, max);

            return new AllocationBounds(min, max, defaultValue);
        }

        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines whether two lists contain the same elements (but not necessarily in the same order).
        /// Compares list elements using reference equality.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="lst1">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <param name="lst2">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool ListsContentsEqual<T>(List<T> lst1, List<T> lst2)
        {
            if (lst1.Count != lst2.Count)
                return false;
            foreach (T item1 in lst1)
                if (!lst2.Contains(item1))
                    return false;
            return true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="lst1">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <param name="lst2">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static List<T> ListsCommonItems<T>(List<T> lst1, List<T> lst2)
        {
            List<T> common = new List<T>();
            foreach (T item1 in lst1)
                if (lst2.Contains(item1) && !common.Contains(item1))
                    common.Add(item1);
            foreach (T item2 in lst2)
                if (lst1.Contains(item2) && !common.Contains(item2))
                    common.Add(item2);
            return common;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Determines if two arrays have the same elements in the same order.
        /// Elements may be null.
        /// Uses Object.Equals() when comparing (pairs of non-null) elements.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="a">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <param name="b">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool ArrayElementsEqual<T>(T[] a, T[] b)
        {
            if (a.Length != b.Length)
                return false;

            for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
            {
                if (a[i] == null && b[i] == null)
                    continue;
                if (a[i] == null)
                    return false;
                if (!a[i].Equals(b[i]))
                    return false;
            }

            return true;
        }

        internal static bool OrderOfMagnitudeDifference(long MinSize, long MaxSize)
        {
            if (MinSize < Util.BINARY_KILO && MaxSize < Util.BINARY_KILO)
                return false;
            else if (MinSize < Util.BINARY_KILO && MaxSize > Util.BINARY_KILO)
                return true;
            else if (MinSize > Util.BINARY_KILO && MaxSize < Util.BINARY_KILO)
                return true;

            if (MinSize < Util.BINARY_MEGA && MaxSize < Util.BINARY_MEGA)
                return false;
            else if (MinSize < Util.BINARY_MEGA && MaxSize > Util.BINARY_MEGA)
                return true;
            else if (MinSize > Util.BINARY_MEGA && MaxSize < Util.BINARY_MEGA)
                return true;

            if (MinSize < Util.BINARY_GIGA && MaxSize < Util.BINARY_GIGA)
                return false;
            else if (MinSize < Util.BINARY_GIGA && MaxSize > Util.BINARY_GIGA)
                return true;
            else if (MinSize > Util.BINARY_GIGA && MaxSize < Util.BINARY_GIGA)
                return true;

            return false;
        }

        public static string StringFromMaxMinSize(long min, long max)
        {
            if (min == -1 && max == -1)
                return Messages.SIZE_NEGLIGIBLE;
            else if (min == -1)
                return Util.LThanSize(max);
            else if (max == -1)
                return Util.GThanSize(min);
            else if (min == max)
                return Util.DiskSizeString(max);
            else if (Helpers.OrderOfMagnitudeDifference(min, max))
                return string.Format("{0} - {1}", Util.DiskSizeString(min), Util.DiskSizeString(max));
            else
                return string.Format("{0} - {1}", Util.DiskSizeStringWithoutUnits(min), Util.DiskSizeString(max));
        }

        public static string StringFromMaxMinTime(long min, long max)
        {
            if (min == -1 && max == -1)
                return Messages.TIME_NEGLIGIBLE;
            else if (min == -1)
                return Util.LThanTime(max);
            else if (max == -1)
                return Util.GThanTime(min);
            else if (min == max)
                return Util.TimeString(max);
            else
                return Util.TimeRangeString(min, max);
        }

        public static string StringFromMaxMinTimeList(List<long> minList, List<long> maxList)
        {
            bool lessFlag = false;
            bool moreFlag = false;
            bool negligFlag = false;

            long minSum = 0;
            long maxSum = 0;

            for (int i = 0; i < minList.Count; i++)
            {
                if (minList[i] < 0 && maxList[i] < 0)
                {
                    negligFlag = true;
                }
                else if (minList[i] < 0)
                {
                    maxSum += maxList[i];
                    lessFlag = true;
                }
                else if (maxList[i] < 0)
                {
                    minSum += minList[i];
                    moreFlag = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    minSum += minList[i];
                    maxSum += maxList[i];
                }
            }

            if (moreFlag)
                return Util.GThanTime(minSum);
            if (lessFlag)
                return Util.LThanTime(maxSum);
            if (negligFlag && maxSum <= 0)
                return Util.TimeString(maxSum);
            return StringFromMaxMinTime(minSum, maxSum);

        }

        public static string StringFromMaxMinSizeList(List<long> minList, List<long> maxList)
        {
            bool lessFlag = false;
            bool moreFlag = false;
            bool negligFlag = false;

            long minSum = 0;
            long maxSum = 0;

            for (int i = 0; i < minList.Count; i++)
            {
                if (minList[i] < 0 && maxList[i] < 0)
                {
                    negligFlag = true;
                }
                else if (minList[i] < 0)
                {
                    maxSum += maxList[i];
                    lessFlag = true;
                }
                else if (maxList[i] < 0)
                {
                    minSum += minList[i];
                    moreFlag = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    minSum += minList[i];
                    maxSum += maxList[i];
                }
            }

            if (moreFlag)
                return Util.GThanSize(minSum);
            if (lessFlag)
                return Util.LThanSize(maxSum);
            if (negligFlag && maxSum <= 0)
                return Util.DiskSizeString(maxSum);
            return StringFromMaxMinSize(minSum, maxSum);
        }


        public static string GetCPUProperties(Host_cpu cpu)
        {
            return string.Format("{0}\n{1}\n{2}",
                string.Format(Messages.GENERAL_CPU_VENDOR, cpu.vendor),
                string.Format(Messages.GENERAL_CPU_MODEL, cpu.modelname),
                string.Format(Messages.GENERAL_CPU_SPEED, cpu.speed));
        }

        public static string GetAllocationProperties(string initial_allocation, string quantum_allocation)
        {
            return string.Format(Messages.SR_DISK_SPACE_ALLOCATION,
                   Util.MemorySizeStringSuitableUnits(Convert.ToDouble(initial_allocation), true, Messages.VAL_MB),
                   Util.MemorySizeStringSuitableUnits(Convert.ToDouble(quantum_allocation), true, Messages.VAL_MB));
        }

        public static string GetHostRestrictions(Host host)
        {
            string output = "";

            List<string> restrictions = new List<string>();

            // Build license details info box
            foreach (String key in host.license_params.Keys)
            {
                if (host.license_params[key] == "true")
                {
                    restrictions.Add(key);
                }
            }

            bool first = true;
            restrictions.Sort();
            foreach (String restriction in restrictions)
            {
                string restrictionText = Messages.ResourceManager.GetString(restriction);
                if (restrictionText == null)
                    continue;

                if (first)
                {
                    output += restrictionText;
                    first = false;
                    continue;
                }

                output += "\n" + restrictionText;
            }
            return output;
        }

        public static string BoolToString(bool b)
        {
            return b ? Messages.YES : Messages.NO;
        }

        private static readonly Regex IqnRegex = new Regex(@"^iqn\.\d{4}-\d{2}\.([a-zA-Z0-9][-_a-zA-Z0-9]*(\.[a-zA-Z0-9][-_a-zA-Z0-9]*)*)(:.+)?$", RegexOptions.ECMAScript);

        public static bool ValidateIscsiIQN(string iqn)
        {
            return IqnRegex.IsMatch(iqn);
        }

        public static bool IsOlderThanMaster(Host host)
        {
            Host master = Helpers.GetMaster(host.Connection);
            if (master == null || master.opaque_ref == host.opaque_ref)
                return false;
            else if (Helpers.productVersionCompare(Helpers.HostProductVersion(host), Helpers.HostProductVersion(master)) >= 0)
                return false;
            else
                return true;
        }


        private static readonly Regex MacRegex = new Regex(@"^([0-9a-fA-F]{2}:){5}[0-9a-fA-F]{2}$");

        public static bool IsValidMAC(string macString)
        {
            return MacRegex.IsMatch(macString);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Recursively sums the total size of all files in the directory tree rooted at the given dir.
        /// </summary>
        public static long GetDirSize(DirectoryInfo dir)
        {
            long size = 0;
            FileInfo[] files = dir.GetFiles();
            foreach (FileInfo file in files)
            {
                size += file.Length;
            }

            DirectoryInfo[] subdirs = dir.GetDirectories();
            foreach (DirectoryInfo subdir in subdirs)
            {
                size += GetDirSize(subdir);
            }
            return size;
        }

        public static string ToWindowsLineEndings(string input)
        {
            return Regex.Replace(input, "\r?\n", "\r\n");
        }

        public static bool PoolHasEnabledHosts(Pool pool)
        {
            foreach (Host host in pool.Connection.Cache.Hosts)
            {
                if (host.enabled)
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }


        public static string MakeUniqueName(string stub, List<string> compareAgainst)
        {
            string pre = stub;
            int i = 1;
            while (compareAgainst.Contains(stub))
            {
                stub = string.Format(Messages.NEWVM_DEFAULTNAME, pre, i);
                i++;
            }
            return stub;
        }

        public static string MakeUniqueNameFromPattern(string pattern, List<string> compareAgainst, int startAt)
        {
            int i = startAt;
            string val;
            do
            {
                val = string.Format(pattern, i++);
            } while (compareAgainst.Contains(val));

            return val;
        }

        public static string GetFriendlyLicenseName(Host host)
        {
			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(host.edition))
				return Messages.UNKNOWN;

            string name = PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName("Label-host.edition-" + host.edition);
            return name ?? Messages.UNKNOWN;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Used for determining which features are available on the current license.
        /// Note that all the features are per-pool: e.g., even if iXenObject is a Host,
        /// we return whether *any* the hosts in that pool are forbidden that feature.
        /// </summary>
        public static bool FeatureForbidden(IXenObject iXenObject, Predicate<Host> restrictionTest)
        {
            IXenConnection connection = (iXenObject == null ? null : iXenObject.Connection);
            return FeatureForbidden(connection, restrictionTest);
        }

        public static bool FeatureForbidden(IXenConnection xenConnection, Predicate<Host> restrictionTest)
        {
            if (xenConnection == null)
                return false;

            foreach (Host host in xenConnection.Cache.Hosts)
            {
                if (restrictionTest(host))
                    return true;
            }

            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Shuffles a list in-place.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="listToShuffle"></param>
        public static void ShuffleList<T>(List<T> listToShuffle)
        {
            Random r = new Random();

            for (int k = listToShuffle.Count - 1; k > 1; --k)
            {
                int randIndx = r.Next(k);
                T temp = listToShuffle[k];
                listToShuffle[k] = listToShuffle[randIndx];
                listToShuffle[randIndx] = temp;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Parse string represented double to a double with en-US number format
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="toParse">String represented double</param>
        /// <param name="defaultValue">Default value to use if the string can't be parsed</param>
        /// <returns>The parsed double.</returns>
        public static double ParseStringToDouble(string toParse, double defaultValue)
        {
            double doubleValue;
            if (!double.TryParse(toParse, NumberStyles.Any, _nfi, out doubleValue))
            {
                doubleValue = defaultValue;
            }
            return doubleValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Return the UUID of the given XenObject, or the empty string if that can't be found.
        /// </summary>
        public static string GetUuid(IXenObject iXenObject)
        {
            if (iXenObject == null)
                return "";
            Type t = iXenObject.GetType();
            PropertyInfo p = t.GetProperty("uuid", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
            if (p == null)
                return "";
            return (string)p.GetValue(iXenObject, null);
        }

        #region Reflexive other_config and gui_config functions

        public static Dictionary<String, String> GetOtherConfig(IXenObject o)
        {
            return o.Get("other_config") as Dictionary<String, String>;
        }

        public static void SetOtherConfig(Session session, IXenObject o, String key, String value)
        {
            //Program.AssertOffEventThread();

            o.Do("remove_from_other_config", session, o.opaque_ref, key);
            o.Do("add_to_other_config", session, o.opaque_ref, key, value);
        }

        public static void RemoveFromOtherConfig(Session session, IXenObject o, string key)
        {
            //Program.AssertOffEventThread();

            o.Do("remove_from_other_config", session, o.opaque_ref, key);
        }

        public static Dictionary<String, String> GetGuiConfig(IXenObject o)
        {
            return o.Get("gui_config") as Dictionary<String, String>;
        }

        public static void SetGuiConfig(Session session, IXenObject o, String key, String value)
        {
            //Program.AssertOffEventThread();

            o.Do("remove_from_gui_config", session, o.opaque_ref, key);
            o.Do("add_to_gui_config", session, o.opaque_ref, key, value);
        }

        public static void RemoveFromGuiConfig(Session session, IXenObject o, string key)
        {
            //Program.AssertOffEventThread();

            o.Do("remove_from_gui_config", session, o.opaque_ref, key);
        }

        #endregion

        public static Regex CpuRegex = new Regex("^cpu([0-9]+)$");
        public static Regex CpuStateRegex = new Regex("^cpu([0-9]+)-(C|P)([0-9]+)$");
        static Regex VifRegex = new Regex("^vif_([0-9]+)_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
        static Regex PifEthRegex = new Regex("^pif_eth([0-9]+)_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
		static Regex PifVlanRegex = new Regex("^pif_eth([0-9]+).([0-9]+)_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
        static Regex PifBrRegex = new Regex("^pif_xenbr([0-9]+)_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
		static Regex PifXapiRegex = new Regex("^pif_xapi([0-9]+)_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
        static Regex PifTapRegex = new Regex("^pif_tap([0-9]+)_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
        static Regex PifLoRegex = new Regex("^pif_lo_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
        static Regex PifBondRegex = new Regex("^pif_(bond[0-9]+)_(tx|rx)((_errors)?)$");
        static Regex DiskRegex = new Regex("^vbd_((xvd|hd)[a-z]+)_(read|write)((_latency)?)$");
        static Regex DiskIopsRegex = new Regex("^vbd_((xvd|hd)[a-z]+)_iops_(read|write|total)$");
        static Regex DiskThroughputRegex = new Regex("^vbd_((xvd|hd)[a-z]+)_io_throughput_(read|write|total)$");
        static Regex DiskOtherRegex = new Regex("^vbd_((xvd|hd)[a-z]+)_(avgqu_sz|inflight|iowait)$");
        static Regex NetworkLatencyRegex = new Regex("^network/latency$");
        static Regex XapiLatencyRegex = new Regex("^xapi_healthcheck/latency$");
        static Regex StatefileLatencyRegex = new Regex("^statefile/[a-f0-9]{8}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{12}/latency$");
        static Regex LoadAvgRegex = new Regex("loadavg");
    	static Regex SrRegex = new Regex("^sr_[a-f0-9]{8}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{12}_cache_(size|hits|misses)");
        static Regex SrIORegex = new Regex("^(io_throughput|iops)_(read|write|total)_([a-f0-9]{8})$");
        static Regex SrOtherRegex = new Regex("^(latency|avgqu_sz|inflight|iowait)_([a-f0-9]{8})$");
        static Regex GpuRegex = new Regex(@"^gpu_((memory_(free|used))|power_usage|temperature|(utilisation_(compute|memory_io)))_(([a-fA-F0-9]{4}\/)?[a-fA-F0-9]{2}\/[0-1][a-fA-F0-9].[0-7])$");

        public static string GetFriendlyDataSourceName(string name, IXenObject iXenObject)
        {
            if (iXenObject == null)
                return name;
            string s = GetFriendlyDataSourceName_(name, iXenObject);
            return string.IsNullOrEmpty(s) ? name : s;
        }

        private static string GetFriendlyDataSourceName_(string name, IXenObject iXenObject)
        {
            Match m;

            m = CpuRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
                return FormatFriendly("Label-performance.cpu", m.Groups[1].Value);

            m = VifRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                string device = m.Groups[1].Value;
                XenAPI.Network network = FindNetworkOfVIF(iXenObject, device);
                return network == null
                           ? null //don't try to retrieve it in the FriendlyNames.
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.vif_{0}{1}",
                               m.Groups[2].Value, m.Groups[3].Value), network.Name);
            }

            m = PifEthRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
                return FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.nic_{0}{1}", m.Groups[2].Value, m.Groups[3].Value), m.Groups[1].Value);

        	m = PifVlanRegex.Match(name);
			if (m.Success)
			{
				string device = string.Format("eth{0}", m.Groups[1].Value);
				XenAPI.Network network = FindVlan(iXenObject, device, m.Groups[2].Value);
			    return network == null
			               ? null //don't try to retrieve it in the FriendlyNames.
			               : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.vlan_{0}{1}",
			                   m.Groups[3].Value, m.Groups[4].Value), network.Name);
			}

            m = PifBrRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                string device = string.Format("eth{0}", m.Groups[1].Value);
                XenAPI.Network network = FindNetworkOfPIF(iXenObject, device);
            	return network == null
            	       	? null //don't try to retrieve it in the FriendlyNames.
            	       	: FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.xenbr_{0}{1}", m.Groups[2].Value, m.Groups[3].Value), network.Name);
            }

        	m = PifXapiRegex.Match(name);
			if (m.Success)
				return FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.xapi_{0}{1}", m.Groups[2].Value, m.Groups[3].Value), m.Groups[1].Value);

            m = PifBondRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
            	PIF pif = FindPIF(iXenObject, m.Groups[1].Value, false);
            	return pif == null
            	       	? null //pif doesn't exist anymore so don't try to retrieve it in the FriendlyNames.
            	       	: FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.bond_{0}{1}", m.Groups[2].Value, m.Groups[3].Value), pif.Name);
            }

        	m = PifLoRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
                return FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.lo_{0}{1}", m.Groups[1].Value, m.Groups[2].Value));

            m = PifTapRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
                return FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.tap_{0}{1}", m.Groups[2].Value, m.Groups[3].Value), m.Groups[1].Value);

            m = DiskRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                VBD vbd = FindVBD(iXenObject, m.Groups[1].Value);
                return vbd == null
                           ? null
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.vbd_{0}{1}", m.Groups[3].Value, m.Groups[4].Value), vbd.userdevice);
            }

            m = DiskIopsRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                VBD vbd = FindVBD(iXenObject, m.Groups[1].Value);
                return vbd == null
                           ? null
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.vbd_iops_{0}", m.Groups[3].Value),
                               vbd.userdevice);
            }

            m = DiskThroughputRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                VBD vbd = FindVBD(iXenObject, m.Groups[1].Value);
                return vbd == null
                           ? null
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.vbd_io_throughput_{0}", m.Groups[3].Value),
                               vbd.userdevice);
            }

            m = DiskOtherRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                VBD vbd = FindVBD(iXenObject, m.Groups[1].Value);
                return vbd == null
                           ? null
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.vbd_{0}", m.Groups[3].Value),
                               vbd.userdevice);
            }

			m = SrRegex.Match(name);
			if (m.Success)
				return FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.sr_cache_{0}", m.Groups[1].Value));

            m = CpuStateRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
                return FormatFriendly("Label-performance.cpu-state", m.Groups[1].Value, m.Groups[2].Value, m.Groups[3].Value);

            m = SrIORegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                SR sr = FindSr(iXenObject, m.Groups[3].Value);
                return sr == null
                           ? null
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.sr_{0}_{1}",
                               m.Groups[1].Value, m.Groups[2].Value),
                               sr.Name.Ellipsise(30));
            }

            m = SrOtherRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                SR sr = FindSr(iXenObject, m.Groups[2].Value);
                return sr == null
                           ? null
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.sr_{0}", m.Groups[1].Value),
                               sr.Name.Ellipsise(30));
            }

            m = GpuRegex.Match(name);
            if (m.Success)
            {
                string pciId = m.Groups[6].Value.Replace(@"/", ":");
                PGPU gpu = FindGpu(iXenObject, pciId);
                return gpu == null
                           ? null
                           : FormatFriendly(string.Format("Label-performance.gpu_{0}", m.Groups[1].Value),
                                            gpu.Name, pciId);
            }

            if (NetworkLatencyRegex.IsMatch(name))
                return PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName("Label-performance.network_latency");

            if (XapiLatencyRegex.IsMatch(name))
                return PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName("Label-performance.xapi_latency");

            if (StatefileLatencyRegex.IsMatch(name))
                return PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName("Label-performance.statefile_latency");

            if (LoadAvgRegex.IsMatch(name))
                return PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName("Label-performance.loadavg");

            return PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName(string.Format("Label-performance.{0}", name));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Lookup key using PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName, and then apply that as a format pattern to the given args.
        /// </summary>
        private static string FormatFriendly(string key, params string[] args)
        {
            return string.Format(PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName(key), args);
        }

        private static PGPU FindGpu(IXenObject iXenObject, string pciId)
        {
            foreach (PCI pci in iXenObject.Connection.Cache.PCIs)
            {
                if (pci.pci_id != pciId)
                    continue;

                foreach (PGPU gpu in iXenObject.Connection.Cache.PGPUs)
                {
                    if (gpu.PCI.opaque_ref == pci.opaque_ref)
                        return gpu;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static XenAPI.Network FindNetworkOfVIF(IXenObject iXenObject, string device)
        {
            foreach (VIF vif in iXenObject.Connection.Cache.VIFs)
            {
                if (vif.device == device && (iXenObject is Host && ((Host)iXenObject).resident_VMs.Contains(vif.VM) || iXenObject is VM && vif.VM.opaque_ref == iXenObject.opaque_ref))
                {
                    XenAPI.Network network = iXenObject.Connection.Resolve(vif.network);
                    if (network != null)
                        return network;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static XenAPI.Network FindNetworkOfPIF(IXenObject iXenObject, string device)
        {
            PIF pif = FindPIF(iXenObject, device, true);
            if (pif != null)
            {
                XenAPI.Network network = iXenObject.Connection.Resolve(pif.network);
                if (network != null)
                    return network;
            }
            return null;
        }

		private static XenAPI.Network FindVlan(IXenObject iXenObject, string device, string tag)
		{
			foreach (PIF pif in iXenObject.Connection.Cache.PIFs)
			{
				if (pif.device == device && (iXenObject is Host && pif.host.opaque_ref == iXenObject.opaque_ref || iXenObject is VM && pif.host.opaque_ref == ((VM)iXenObject).resident_on.opaque_ref) && pif.VLAN == long.Parse(tag))
				{
					return iXenObject.Connection.Resolve(pif.network);
				}
			}
			return null;
		}

        private static PIF FindPIF(IXenObject iXenObject, string device, bool physical)
        {
            foreach (PIF pif in iXenObject.Connection.Cache.PIFs)
            {
                if ((!physical || pif.IsPhysical) && pif.device == device && (iXenObject is Host && pif.host.opaque_ref == iXenObject.opaque_ref || iXenObject is VM && pif.host.opaque_ref == ((VM)iXenObject).resident_on.opaque_ref))
                    return pif;
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static VBD FindVBD(IXenObject iXenObject, string device)
        {
            if (iXenObject is VM)
            {
                VM vm = (VM)iXenObject;
                foreach (VBD vbd in vm.Connection.ResolveAll(vm.VBDs))
                {
                    if (vbd.device == device)
                        return vbd;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static SR FindSr(IXenObject iXenObject, string srUuid)
        {
            foreach (var sr in iXenObject.Connection.Cache.SRs)
            {
                if (sr.uuid.StartsWith(srUuid))
                    return sr;
            }
            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the first line of the given string, or the empty string if null was passed in. Will take the first occurence of \r or \n
        /// as the end of a line.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="s"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string FirstLine(string s)
        {
            if (s == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            else
            {
                s = s.Split(new char[] { '\n' })[0];
                return s.Split(new char[] { '\r' })[0];
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns empty string if mainline
        /// </summary>
        public static string OEMName(Host host)
        {
            if (host.software_version == null)
                return string.Empty;

            if (!host.software_version.ContainsKey("oem_manufacturer"))
                return "";

            return host.software_version["oem_manufacturer"].ToLowerInvariant();
        }

        public static string HostProductVersionWithOEM(Host host)
        {
            string oem = OEMName(host);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(oem))
                return HostProductVersion(host);
            else
                return string.Format("{0}.{1}", HostProductVersion(host), OEMName(host));
        }


        public static double StringToDouble(string str)
        {
            if (str == "NaN")
                return Double.NaN;
            else if (str == "Infinity")
                return Double.PositiveInfinity;
            else if (str == "-Infinity")
                return Double.NegativeInfinity;
            else
                return Convert.ToDouble(str, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
        }
      
        public static bool HAEnabled(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            Pool pool = Helpers.GetPoolOfOne(connection);
            if (pool == null)
                return false;

            return pool.ha_enabled;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns "type 'name'" for the specified object, e.g. "pool 'foo'".
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="XenObject"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetNameAndObject(IXenObject XenObject)
        {
            if (XenObject is Pool)
                return string.Format(Messages.POOL_X, Helpers.GetName(XenObject));

            if (XenObject is Host)
                return string.Format(Messages.SERVER_X, Helpers.GetName(XenObject));

            if (XenObject is VM)
            {
                VM vm = (VM)XenObject;
                if (vm.is_control_domain)
                    return string.Format(Messages.SERVER_X, Helpers.GetName(XenObject.Connection.Resolve(vm.resident_on)));
                else
                    return string.Format(Messages.VM_X, Helpers.GetName(XenObject));
            }

            if (XenObject is SR)
                return string.Format(Messages.STORAGE_REPOSITORY_X, Helpers.GetName(XenObject));

            return Messages.UNKNOWN_OBJECT;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the i18n'd name for a HA restart priority according to FriendlyNames.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="priority"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string RestartPriorityI18n(VM.HA_Restart_Priority? priority)
        {
            if (priority == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            else
            {
                return XenAdmin.Core.PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName("Label-VM.ha_restart_priority." + priority.ToString()) ?? priority.ToString();
            }
        }

        public static string RestartPriorityDescription(VM.HA_Restart_Priority? priority)
        {
            if (priority == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            else
            {
                return XenAdmin.Core.PropertyManager.GetFriendlyName("Description-VM.ha_restart_priority." + priority.ToString()) ?? priority.ToString();
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Builds up a dictionary of the current restart priorities for all the VMs in the given IXenConnection.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Dictionary<VM, VM.HA_Restart_Priority> GetVmHaRestartPriorities(IXenConnection connection,bool showHiddenVMs)
        {
            Dictionary<VM, VM.HA_Restart_Priority> result = new Dictionary<VM, VM.HA_Restart_Priority>();
            foreach (VM vm in connection.Cache.VMs)
            {
                if (vm.HaCanProtect(showHiddenVMs))
                {
                    result[vm] = vm.HARestartPriority;
                }
            }
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Converts Dictionary<XenObject<VM>, VM.HA_Restart_Priority> -> Dictionary<XenRef<VM>, string>.
        /// The former is useful in the GUI, the latter is suitable for sending into compute_hypothetical_max.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="settings">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Dictionary<XenRef<VM>, string> GetVmHaRestartPrioritiesForApi(Dictionary<VM, VM.HA_Restart_Priority> settings)
        {
            Dictionary<XenRef<VM>, string> result = new Dictionary<XenRef<VM>, string>();
            foreach (VM vm in settings.Keys)
            {
                if (settings[vm] == VM.HA_Restart_Priority.BestEffort || settings[vm] == VM.HA_Restart_Priority.DoNotRestart)
                {
                    // The server doesn't want to know about best-effort/do not restart VMs.
                    // (They don't influence the plan, and sending in the dictionary gives an error).
                    continue;
                }
                result[new XenRef<VM>(vm.opaque_ref)] = VM.PriorityToString(settings[vm]);
            }
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Builds up a dictionary of the current startup options for all the VMs in the given IXenConnection.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">Must not be null.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Dictionary<VM, VMStartupOptions> GetVmStartupOptions(IXenConnection connection, bool showHiddenVMs)
        {
            Dictionary<VM, VMStartupOptions> result = new Dictionary<VM, VMStartupOptions>();
            foreach (VM vm in connection.Cache.VMs)
            {
                if (vm.HaCanProtect(showHiddenVMs))
                {
                    result[vm] = new VMStartupOptions(vm.order, vm.start_delay, vm.HARestartPriority);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves a IXenObject from a message. May return null if type not recognised.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IXenObject XenObjectFromMessage(XenAPI.Message message)
        {
            switch (message.cls)
            {
                case cls.Pool:
                    Pool pool = message.Connection.Cache.Find_By_Uuid<Pool>(message.obj_uuid);
                    if (pool != null)
                        return pool;
                    break;
                case cls.Host:
                    Host host = message.Connection.Cache.Find_By_Uuid<Host>(message.obj_uuid);
                    if (host != null)
                        return host;
                    break;
                case cls.VM:
                    VM vm = message.Connection.Cache.Find_By_Uuid<VM>(message.obj_uuid);
                    if (vm != null)
                        return vm;
                    break;
                case cls.SR:
                    SR sr = message.Connection.Cache.Find_By_Uuid<SR>(message.obj_uuid);
                    if (sr != null)
                        return sr;
                    break;
                case cls.VMPP:
                    VMPP vmpp = message.Connection.Cache.Find_By_Uuid<VMPP>(message.obj_uuid);
                    if (vmpp != null)
                        return vmpp;
                    break;
            }
            return null;
        }


        public static int Max(params int[] arr)
        {
            int result = int.MinValue;
            foreach (int i in arr)
            {
                if (i > result)
                    result = i;
            }
            return result;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Load an xml stream and ignore comments and whitespace
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="xmlStream"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static XmlDocument LoadXmlDocument(Stream xmlStream)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();

            settings.IgnoreComments = true;
            settings.IgnoreWhitespace = true;
            settings.IgnoreProcessingInstructions = true;

            doc.Load(XmlReader.Create(xmlStream, settings));

            return doc;
        }

        public static Regex HostnameOrIpRegex = new Regex(@"[\w.]+");

        public static string HostnameFromLocation(string p)
        {
            foreach (Match m in HostnameOrIpRegex.Matches(p))
            {
                return m.Value; // we only want the hostname or ip which should be the first match
            }
            return "";
        }

        public static string GetStringXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName)
        {
            if (Node.Attributes[AttributeName] == null)
                return null;
            return Node.Attributes[AttributeName].Value;
        }

        public static string GetStringXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName, string Default)
        {
            if (Node.Attributes[AttributeName] == null)
                return Default;
            return Node.Attributes[AttributeName].Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves a true of false value from an XML attribute. Returns null-bool if the attribute doesnt exist or the
        /// value is malformed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="AttributeName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool? GetBoolXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName)
        {
            bool b;
            if (Node.Attributes[AttributeName] == null)
                return null;

            if (bool.TryParse(Node.Attributes[AttributeName].Value, out b))
                return b;

            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves a true of false value from an XML attribute. Returns Default if the attribute doesnt exist or the
        /// value is malformed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="AttributeName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool GetBoolXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName, bool Default)
        {
            bool? b = GetBoolXmlAttribute(Node, AttributeName);
            if (!b.HasValue)
                return Default;

            return b.Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves a float value from an XML attribute. Defaults to null-float if the attribute doesnt exist or the
        /// value is malformed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="AttributeName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static float? GetFloatXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName)
        {
            float f;
            if (Node.Attributes[AttributeName] == null)
                return null;

            if (float.TryParse(Node.Attributes[AttributeName].Value, out f))
                return f;

            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves a float value from an XML attribute. Returns Default if the attribute doesnt exist or the
        /// value is malformed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="AttributeName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static float GetFloatXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName, float Default)
        {
            float? f = GetFloatXmlAttribute(Node, AttributeName);
            if (!f.HasValue)
                return Default;

            return f.Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves an int value from an XML attribute. Defaults to null-int if the attribute doesnt exist or the
        /// value is malformed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="AttributeName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int? GetIntXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName)
        {
            int i;
            if (Node.Attributes[AttributeName] == null)
                return null;

            if (int.TryParse(Node.Attributes[AttributeName].Value, out i))
                return i;

            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves an int value from an XML attribute. Returns Default if the attribute doesnt exist or the
        /// value is malformed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="AttributeName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static int GetIntXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string AttributeName, int Default)
        {
            int? i = GetIntXmlAttribute(Node, AttributeName);
            if (!i.HasValue)
                return Default;

            return i.Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the string content of an XmlNode attribute or throws an I18NException if it missing.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="Attribute"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetXmlAttribute(XmlNode Node, string Attribute)
        {
            if (Node.Attributes[Attribute] == null)
                throw new I18NException(I18NExceptionType.XmlAttributeMissing, Attribute, Node.Name);
            return Node.Attributes[Attribute].Value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the enum content of an XmlNode attribute or Default if it is missing. 
        /// 
        /// WARNING: Runtime check that typeof(T).IsEnum (Sorry! C# doesnt support Enum generics very well).
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Node"></param>
        /// <param name="Attribute"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static T GetEnumXmlAttribute<T>(XmlNode Node, string Attribute, T Default)
        {
            if (Node.Attributes[Attribute] == null)
                return Default;

            System.Diagnostics.Trace.Assert(typeof(T).IsEnum, "Supplied type to GetEnumXmlAttribute is not an enum");

            try
            {
                T result = (T)Enum.Parse(typeof(T), Node.Attributes[Attribute].Value);
                return result;
            }
            catch
            {
                return Default;
            }
        }

        public static string PrettyFingerprint(string p)
        {
            List<string> pairs = new List<string>();
            for (int i = 0; i < p.Length; i += 2)
            {
                pairs.Add(p.Substring(i, 2));
            }
            return string.Join(":", pairs.ToArray());
        }

      

        public static string GetUrl(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            UriBuilder uriBuilder = new UriBuilder(connection.UriScheme, connection.Hostname);
            uriBuilder.Port = connection.Port;
            return uriBuilder.ToString();
        }

        public static string DefaultVMName(string p, IXenConnection connection)
        {
            for (int i = 1; true; i++)
            {
                bool willDo = true;
                string name = string.Format(Messages.NEWVM_DEFAULTNAME, p, i);
                string hiddenName = Helpers.GuiTempObjectPrefix + name;
                // Check to see if name is in use
                foreach (VM v in connection.Cache.VMs)
                {
                    if (v.name_label == name || v.name_label == hiddenName)
                    {
                        willDo = false;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (willDo) return name;
            }
        }

        public static bool CDsExist(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            if (connection == null)
                return false;

            foreach (SR sr in connection.Cache.SRs)
            {
                if (sr.content_type != SR.Content_Type_ISO)
                    continue;

                if (sr.VDIs.Count > 0)
                    return true;
            }

            return false;
        }

        public static object GetListOfNames(List<Host> list)
        {
            List<string> names = new List<string>();
            foreach (Host obj in list)
            {
                names.Add(obj.Name);
            }

            return string.Join(", ", names.ToArray());
        }

        public static List<VM> VMsRunningOn(List<Host> hosts)
        {
            List<VM> vms = new List<VM>();
            foreach (Host host in hosts)
            {
                vms.AddRange(host.Connection.ResolveAll(host.resident_VMs));
            }
            return vms;
        }

        public static bool CompareLists<T>(List<T> l1, List<T> l2)
        {
            if (l1 == l2)
                return true;
            else if (l1 == null || l2 == null)
                return false;

            bool same = l1.Count == l2.Count;
            foreach (T item in l1)
            {
                if (!l2.Contains(item))
                {
                    same = false;
                    break;
                }
            }

            return same;
        }

        public static bool ListsIntersect<T>(List<T> l1, List<T> l2)
        {
            foreach (T item in l1)
            {
                if (l2.Contains(item))
                    return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        public static bool CustomWithNoDVD(VM template)
        {
            return template != null && !template.DefaultTemplate && template.FindVMCDROM() == null;
        }

        public static string GetMacString(string mac)
        {
            return mac == "" ? Messages.MAC_AUTOGENERATE : mac;
        }

        public static PIF FindPIF(XenAPI.Network network, Host owner)
        {
            foreach (PIF pif in network.Connection.ResolveAll(network.PIFs))
            {
                if (owner == null ||
                     pif.host == owner.opaque_ref)
                    return pif;
            }
            return null;
        }

        public static string VlanString(PIF pif)
        {
            if (pif == null || pif.VLAN == -1)
                return Messages.SPACED_HYPHEN;

            return pif.VLAN.ToString();
        }

       
       

        /// <summary>
        /// Return a string version of a list, in the form "L1, L2, L3 and L4"
        /// </summary>
        public static string StringifyList<T>(List<T> list)
        {
            if (list == null)
                return String.Empty;

            StringBuilder ans = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; ++i)
            {
                ans.Append(list[i].ToString());
                if (i < list.Count - 2)
                    ans.Append(Messages.STRINGIFY_LIST_INNERSEP);
                else if (i == list.Count - 2)
                    ans.Append(Messages.STRINGIFY_LIST_LASTSEP);
            }
            return ans.ToString();
        }

       /// <summary>
       /// Does the connection support Link aggregation (LACP) bonds (i.e., is Tampa or later on the vSwitch backend)?
       /// </summary>
       public static bool SupportsLinkAggregationBond(IXenConnection connection)
       {
           Host master = GetMaster(connection);
           return master != null && TampaOrGreater(master) && master.vSwitchNetworkBackend;
       }

       /// <summary>
       /// Number of alloowed NICs per bond
       /// </summary>
       public static int BondSizeLimit(IXenConnection connection)
       {
           Host master = GetMaster(connection);
           // For Tampa or later on the vSwitch backend, we allow 4 NICs per bond; otherwise, 2
           return master != null && TampaOrGreater(master) && master.vSwitchNetworkBackend ? 4 : 2;
       }

       public static Host GetHostAncestor(IXenObject xenObject)
       {
           if (xenObject == null || xenObject.Connection == null)
               return null;

           if (xenObject is Host)
               return (Host)xenObject;

           if (xenObject is SR)
               return ((SR)xenObject).Home;
           
           if (xenObject is VM)
           {
               VM vm = (VM) xenObject;
               return vm.Home();
           }

           return null;
       }

       public static bool SameServerVersion(Host host, string longProductVersion)
       {
           return host != null && host.LongProductVersion == longProductVersion;
       }

       public static bool EnabledTargetExists(Host host, IXenConnection connection)
       {
           if (host != null)
               return host.enabled;

           return connection.Cache.Hosts.Any(h => h.enabled);
       }

       public static bool GpuCapability(IXenConnection connection)
       {
           if (FeatureForbidden(connection, Host.RestrictGpu))
               return false;
           var pool = GetPoolOfOne(connection);
           return pool != null && pool.HasGpu;
       }

        public static bool VGpuCapability(IXenConnection connection)
        {
            if (FeatureForbidden(connection, Host.RestrictVgpu))
                return false;
            var pool = GetPoolOfOne(connection);
            return pool != null && pool.HasVGpu;
        }

        /// <summary>
       /// Whether creation of VLAN 0 is allowed.
       /// </summary>
       public static bool VLAN0Allowed(IXenConnection connection)
       {
           Host master = GetMaster(connection);
           // For Creedence or later on the vSwitch backend, we allow creation of VLAN 0
           return master != null && CreedenceOrGreater(master) && master.vSwitchNetworkBackend;
       }

       public static bool ContainerCapability(IXenConnection connection)
       {
           var master = GetMaster(connection);
           return CreamOrGreater(connection) && master != null && master.SuppPacks.Any(suppPack => suppPack.Name.ToLower().StartsWith("xscontainer")); 
       }

       /// <summary>
       /// This method returns the disk space required (bytes) on the provided SR for the provided VDI.
       /// This method also considers thin provisioning. For thin provisioned SRs the provided sm_config in the VDI will be considered first, or it will use the values from the SR's sm_config in case the VDI does not have these set. For fully provisioned SRs the sm_config in the VDI will be ignored.
       /// </summary>
       /// <returns>Disk size required in bytes.</returns>
       public static long GetRequiredSpaceToCreateVdiOnSr(SR sr, VDI vdi)
       {
           if (sr == null)
               throw new ArgumentNullException("sr");

           if (vdi == null)
               throw new ArgumentNullException("vdi");

           if (!sr.IsThinProvisioned)
               return vdi.virtual_size;

           long initialAllocationVdi = -1;
           if (vdi.sm_config != null && vdi.sm_config.ContainsKey("initial_allocation"))
               long.TryParse(vdi.sm_config["initial_allocation"], out initialAllocationVdi);

           long initialAllocationSr = -1;
           if (sr.sm_config != null && sr.sm_config.ContainsKey("initial_allocation"))
               long.TryParse(sr.sm_config["initial_allocation"], out initialAllocationSr);

           if (initialAllocationVdi > -1)
               return initialAllocationVdi;

           if (initialAllocationSr > -1)
               return initialAllocationSr;

           return vdi.virtual_size;
       }

        public static string UrlEncode(this string str)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str))
                return str;

            return System.Net.WebUtility.UrlEncode(str);
        }
    }
}