/* Copyright (c) Citrix Systems, Inc. 
 * All rights reserved. 
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, 
 * with or without modification, are permitted provided 
 * that the following conditions are met: 
 * 
 * *   Redistributions of source code must retain the above 
 *     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the 
 *     following disclaimer. 
 * *   Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above 
 *     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the 
 *     following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other 
 *     materials provided with the distribution. 
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND 
 * CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, 
 * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR 
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 
 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, 
 * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING 
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */


using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using XenOvf.Definitions;


namespace XenOvf.Utilities
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Common TOOLS used within XenOvf.
    /// </summary>
    public static class Tools
    {
        private static readonly log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);

        private const long KB = 1024;
        private const long MB = (KB * 1024);
        private const long GB = (MB * 1024);

        //TODO: does it need to be configurabe by XenAdmin?
        private static bool UseOnlineSchema = false;

        private static readonly string[] KnownNamespaces =
        {
            "ovf=http://schemas.dmtf.org/ovf/envelope/1",
            "xs=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema",
            "cim=http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/common",
            "rasd=http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_ResourceAllocationSettingData",
            "vssd=http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_VirtualSystemSettingData",
            "xsi=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance",
            "xenovf=http://schemas.citrix.com/ovf/envelope/1",
            "wsse=http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd",
            "ds=http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#",
            "wsu=http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd",
            "xenc=http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#"
        };

        private static Dictionary<string, string> Schemas = new Dictionary<string, string>
        {
            {"http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "Schemas\\xml.xsd"},
            {"http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/common", "Schemas\\common.xsd"},
            {"http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_VirtualSystemSettingData", "Schemas\\CIM_VirtualSystemSettingData.xsd"},
            {"http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_ResourceAllocationSettingData", "Schemas\\CIM_ResourceAllocationSettingData.xsd"},
            {"http://schemas.dmtf.org/ovf/envelope/1", "Schemas\\DSP8023.xsd"},
            {"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd", "Schemas\\secext-1.0.xsd"}, {"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd", "Schemas\\wss-utility-1.0.xsd"}
            //{"http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#", "Schemas\\xenc-schema.xsd"},
            //{"http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#", "Schemas\\xmldsig-core-schema.xsd"},
            //{"?", "Schemas\\DSP8027.xsd"}
        };

        #region MISC TOOLS
        /// <summary>
        /// Load default namespaces required to define OVF.
        /// Can be overridden in app.config:  KnownNamespaces
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>Collection: XmlSerializerNamespces</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static XmlSerializerNamespaces LoadNamespaces()
        {
            var ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
            foreach (string name in KnownNamespaces)
            {
                string[] sep = name.Split('=');
                ns.Add(sep[0].Trim(), sep[1].Trim());
            }
            return ns;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Load a file into a string
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">fullpath/filename</param>
        /// <returns>string containing file contents</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static string LoadFile(string filename)
        {
            using (var fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))
            using (var sr = new StreamReader(fs))
                return sr.ReadToEnd();
        }
        #endregion

        #region SERIALIZATION TOOLS
        /// <summary>
        /// Create an object from a string given the type to deserialize as.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="xmlString">xml string content</param>
        /// <returns>an object of Type T</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static T Deserialize<T>(string xmlString)
        {
            using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
            using (var sw = new StreamWriter(ms))
            {
                sw.Write(xmlString);
                sw.Flush();
                ms.Position = 0;

                using (var sr = new StreamReader(ms, true))
                {
                    var xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                    return (T)xs.Deserialize(sr);
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Transform an object into a xml string, adding in known namespaces.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="tbs">object To-Be-Serialized</param>
        /// <param name="objectType">Object T value</param>
        /// <param name="ns">Namespace definitions.</param>
        /// <returns>xml string</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static string Serialize(object tbs, Type objectType, XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = null)
        {
            using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
            using (var writer = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.Unicode))
            {
                var xs = new XmlSerializer(objectType);

                if (ns != null)
                    xs.Serialize(writer, tbs, ns);
                else
                    xs.Serialize(writer, tbs);

                ms.Position = 0;

                using (var sr = new StreamReader(ms, true))
                    return sr.ReadToEnd();
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region OVA.XML TOOLS
        /// <summary>
        /// This deserializes the OVA.XML File.  The issue here is the form of the XML, 
        /// Though it is valid XML generic parsing tools cannot handle the same element name
        /// in embedded elements (value in this case, it is the 'root' plus a member of member)
        /// with out the use of name spaces, also the 'value' field can take on one of 3 different
        /// formats:
        ///     1. text (string)
        ///     2. struct
        ///     3. array
        /// Therefore the deserializer will need some help in the processing. The first pass will
        /// give the basic form up to the points of ambiquity, then we can take the xml nodes in their 
        /// current context and provide further deserialization.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">pathto\\ova.xml</param>
        /// <returns>XenXva Data Structure</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        internal static XenXva LoadOvaXml(string filename)
        {
            return DeserializeOvaXml(LoadFile(filename));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Load an old style OVA.XML file (version 0.1)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">fullpath/filename</param>
        /// <returns>object of type XcAppliance</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        internal static XcAppliance LoadOldOvaXml(string filename)
        {
            return Deserialize<XcAppliance>(LoadFile(filename));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Load an OVF xml File and convert to an EnvelopeType
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">fullpath/filename</param>
        /// <returns>object EnvelopeType or NULL</returns>

        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static EnvelopeType DeserializeOvfXml(string ovfxml)
        {
            EnvelopeType ovfEnv = null;
            try
            {
                ovfEnv = Deserialize<EnvelopeType>(ovfxml);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                log.Info("Attempt reading xml failed.", ex);
            }

            bool isVmware = false;
            if (ovfEnv != null && ovfEnv.AnyAttr != null)
            {
                foreach (XmlAttribute xa in ovfEnv.AnyAttr)
                {
                    if (xa.Prefix.ToLower() == "vmwovf" || 
                        xa.Prefix.ToLower() == "vmw" ||
                        xa.NamespaceURI == "vmwovf:http://www.vmware/schema/ovf" ||
                        xa.NamespaceURI == "http://www.vmware/schema/ovf")
                    {
                        isVmware = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                //always call the vc4 conversion; even if the ovf is newer the
                //replacements in the method (if they happen) are harmless
                //and the only cost is the re-deserialization of the xml
                if (isVmware)
                    ovfEnv = LoadVmw40OvfXml(ovfxml);
            }

            if (ovfEnv == null)
            {
                ovfEnv = LoadVmw35OvfXml(ovfxml);
                log.Error("Last Change Convert died.");
            }

            return ovfEnv;
        }

        /// <exception>Thrown if invalid OVF xml</exception>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static void ValidateXmlToSchema(string ovfContent)
        {
            var settings = new XmlReaderSettings
            {
                DtdProcessing = DtdProcessing.Parse,
                ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema
            };

            if (UseOnlineSchema)
            {
                settings.Schemas.Add(null, "http://schemas.dmtf.org/ovf/envelope/1/dsp8023.xsd");
            }
            else
            {
                string currentPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);

                foreach (var kvp in Schemas)
                    settings.Schemas.Add(kvp.Key, Path.Combine(currentPath, kvp.Value));
            }

            using (var xmlStream = new StringReader(ovfContent))
            using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(xmlStream, settings))
                while (reader.Read())
                { }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Attempt to validate an object's property to ensure it is not null and contains a value
        /// uses reflection into the provided object to find the named property.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">Name of property to test</param>
        /// <param name="target">object containing property</param>
        /// <returns>true: appears valid, false: something failed</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static bool ValidateProperty(string name, object target)
        {
            bool isValid = true;
            PropertyInfo[] properties = target.GetType().GetProperties();
            foreach (PropertyInfo property in properties)
            {
                if (property.Name.Equals(name))
                {
                    object outervalue = property.GetValue(target, null);
                    if (outervalue != null)
                    {
                        if (outervalue is cimString[])
                        {
                            cimString[] strvalue = (cimString[])property.GetValue(target, null);
                            if (!(strvalue != null &&
                                  strvalue.Length > 0 &&
                                  strvalue[0] != null &&
                                  !string.IsNullOrEmpty(strvalue[0].Value)))
                            {
                                isValid = false;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (outervalue is Msg_Type[])
                        {
                            Msg_Type[] msgtype = (Msg_Type[])property.GetValue(target, null);
                            if (!(msgtype != null &&
                                  msgtype.Length > 0 &&
                                  msgtype[0] != null &&
                                  !string.IsNullOrEmpty(msgtype[0].Value)))
                            {
                                isValid = false;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (!outervalue.GetType().IsPrimitive)
                        {
                            // The purpose of this code is still unclear.
                            // It seems meant to handle complex types like XenOvf.Definitions.CimString.
                            object innervalue = property.GetValue(target, null);
                            Type innertype = innervalue.GetType();
                            PropertyInfo innerproperty = innertype.GetProperty("Value");
                            object targetvalue = null;
                            if (innerproperty == null)
                            {
                                // There is no property.
                                // The outertype is likely a standard .Net type like String and not an alias for a type like XenOvf.Definitions.CimString.
                                // A case that causes a failure is when the target type is XenOvfEnvelope and the property name is "Name".
                                targetvalue = innervalue;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                // The outertype is alias for a type like XenOvf.Definitions.CimString.
                                targetvalue = innerproperty.GetValue(outervalue, null);
                            }

                            if (targetvalue != null)
                            {
                                if (targetvalue is string)
                                {
                                    if (((string)targetvalue).Length <= 0)
                                    {
                                        isValid = false;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                isValid = false;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        isValid = false;
                    }
                }
            }
            return isValid;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// create an XenXva object give the OVA.XML version 2 string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ovaxml">xml string</param>
        /// <returns>XenXva object</returns>
        [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand)]
        public static XenXva DeserializeOvaXml(string ovaxml)
        {
            XenXva xenobj = Deserialize<XenXva>(ovaxml);
            xenobj.xenstruct.xenmember = DeserializeXenMembers(xenobj.xenstruct.xenmember);
            return xenobj;
        }

        #endregion

        #region STREAM
        public static bool CancelStreamCopy = false;

        public static void StreamCopy(Stream Input, Stream Output)
        {
            long bufsize = 2 * MB;
            byte[] block = new byte[bufsize];
            ulong p = 0;
            int n = 0;
            while (true)
            {
                n = Input.Read(block, 0, block.Length);
                if (n <= 0) break;
                Output.Write(block, 0, n);
                p += (ulong)n;
                if (CancelStreamCopy) break;
                ClearBuffer(block);
            }
            Output.Flush();
            CancelStreamCopy = false;  // Reset so next call will start.
        }

        private static void ClearBuffer(byte[] block)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < block.Length; i++) block[i] = 0;
        }
        #endregion

        private static EnvelopeType LoadVmw40OvfXml(string ovfxml)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ovfxml))
                return null;

            // With what VMWare currently publishes with VC4, we need to update the XML

            ovfxml = ovfxml.Replace("<References", "<ovf:References").Replace("</References", "</ovf:References")
                           .Replace("<Section", "<ovf:Section").Replace("</Section", "</ovf:Section")
                           .Replace("<Content", "<ovf:Content").Replace("</Content", "</ovf:Content")
                           .Replace("<File", "<ovf:File").Replace("</File", "</ovf:File")
                           .Replace("<Disk", "<ovf:Disk").Replace("</Disk", "</ovf:Disk")
                           .Replace("<Info", "<ovf:Info").Replace("</Info", "</ovf:Info")
                           .Replace("<Network", "<ovf:Network").Replace("</Network", "</ovf:Network")
                           .Replace("<Description", "<ovf:Description").Replace("</Description", "</ovf:Description")
                           .Replace("<License", "<ovf:License").Replace("</License", "</ovf:License")
                           .Replace("<System", "<ovf:System").Replace("</System", "</ovf:System")
                           .Replace("<rasd:InstanceId", "<rasd:InstanceID").Replace("</rasd:InstanceId", "</rasd:InstanceID")
                           .Replace("<Item", "<ovf:Item").Replace("</Item", "</ovf:Item");

            EnvelopeType ovfEnv = Deserialize<EnvelopeType>(ovfxml);
            log.Debug("Finished LoadVmw40OvfXml");
            return ovfEnv;
        }

        private static EnvelopeType LoadVmw35OvfXml(string ovfxml)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ovfxml))
                return null;

            // With what VMWare currently publishes with VC35, we need to update the XML

            ovfxml = ovfxml.Replace("http://www.vmware.com/schema/ovf/1/envelope", "http://schemas.dmtf.org/ovf/envelope/1")
                           .Replace("<References", "<ovf:References").Replace("</References", "</ovf:References")
                           .Replace("<Section", "<ovf:Section").Replace("</Section", "</ovf:Section")
                           .Replace("<Content", "<ovf:Content").Replace("</Content", "</ovf:Content")
                           .Replace("<File", "<ovf:File").Replace("</File", "</ovf:File")
                           .Replace("<Disk", "<ovf:Disk").Replace("</Disk", "</ovf:Disk")
                           .Replace("<Info", "<ovf:Info").Replace("</Info", "</ovf:Info")
                           .Replace("<Network", "<ovf:Network").Replace("</Network", "</ovf:Network")
                           .Replace("<Description", "<ovf:Description").Replace("</Description", "</ovf:Description")
                           .Replace("<License", "<ovf:License").Replace("</License", "</ovf:License")
                           .Replace("<System", "<ovf:System").Replace("</System", "</ovf:System")
                           .Replace("<rasd:InstanceId", "<rasd:InstanceID").Replace("</rasd:InstanceId", "</rasd:InstanceID")
                           .Replace("<Item", "<ovf:Item").Replace("</Item", "</ovf:Item");

            EnvelopeType ovfEnv = Deserialize<EnvelopeType>(ovfxml);
            log.Debug("Finished LoadVmw35OvfXml");
            return ovfEnv;
        }

        private static XenMember[] DeserializeXenMembers(XenMember[] members)
        {
            foreach (XenMember xm in members)
            {
                if (xm.xenvalue is XmlNode[])
                {
                    foreach (XmlNode xn in (XmlNode[])xm.xenvalue)
                    {
                        xm.xenvalue = DeserializeContent(xn);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    xm.xenvalue = "";
                }
            }
            return members;
        }

        private static object DeserializeContent(XmlNode node)
        {
            object xenobj = null;
            if (node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element && node.Name.ToLower().Equals("struct"))
            {
                xenobj = Tools.Deserialize<XenStruct>(node.OuterXml);
                XenStruct xs = (XenStruct)xenobj;
                if (xs.xenmember != null && xs.xenmember.Length > 0)
                {
                    DeserializeXenMembers(xs.xenmember);
                }
            }
            else if (node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element && node.Name.ToLower().Equals("data"))
            {
                xenobj = Tools.Deserialize<XenData>(node.OuterXml);
            }
            else if (node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element && node.Name.ToLower().Equals("array"))
            {
                xenobj = Tools.Deserialize<XenArray>(node.OuterXml);
                XenArray xa = (XenArray)xenobj;
                if (xa.xendata.xenvalue != null && xa.xendata.xenvalue[0] is XmlNode[])
                {
                    List<object> values = new List<object>();
                    for (int i = 0; i < xa.xendata.xenvalue.Length; i++ )
                    {
                        values.Add(DeserializeContent((XmlNode)((XmlNode[])xa.xendata.xenvalue[i])[0]));
                    }
                    xa.xendata.xenvalue = values.ToArray();
                }
                else if (xa.xendata != null && xa.xendata.xenvalue != null && xa.xendata.xenvalue.Length > 0)
                {
                    foreach (XenValue xv in xa.xendata.xenvalue)
                    {
                        if (xv.xenstruct != null)
                        {
                            DeserializeXenMembers(xv.xenstruct.xenmember);
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    xa.xendata.xenvalue = null;
                }
            }
            else if (node.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Text )
            {
                xenobj = node.Value;
            }
            
            return xenobj;
        }
    }
}