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328 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
328 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
---
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weight: 3
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title: VMAlertmanager
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menu:
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docs:
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identifier: operator-cr-vmalertmanager
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parent: operator-cr
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weight: 3
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aliases:
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- /operator/resources/vmalertmanager/
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- /operator/resources/vmalertmanager/index.html
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---
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`VMAlertmanager` - represents [alertmanager](https://prometheus.io/docs/alerting/latest/alertmanager/) configuration.
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The `VMAlertmanager` CRD declaratively defines a desired Alertmanager setup to run in a Kubernetes cluster.
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It provides options to configure replication and persistent storage.
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For each `Alertmanager` resource, the Operator deploys a properly configured `StatefulSet` in the same namespace.
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The Alertmanager pods are configured to include a `Secret` called `<alertmanager-name>` which holds the used
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configuration file in the key `alertmanager.yaml`.
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When there are two or more configured replicas the Operator runs the Alertmanager instances in high availability mode.
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## Specification
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You can see the full actual specification of the `VMAlertmanager` resource in the **[API docs -> VMAlertManager](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/operator/api#vmalertmanager)**.
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If you can't find necessary field in the specification of the custom resource,
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see [Extra arguments section](./#extra-arguments).
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Also, you can check out the [examples](#examples) section.
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## Configuration
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The operator generates a configuration file for `VMAlertmanager` based on user input at the definition of `CRD`.
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Generated config stored at `Secret` created by the operator, it has the following name template `vmalertmanager-CRD_NAME-config`.
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This configuration file is mounted at `VMAlertmanager` `Pod`. A special side-car container tracks its changes and sends config-reload signals to `alertmanager` container.
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The operator generates default configuration with `blackhole` root route. It needs to properly start alertmanager container with empty configuration.
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### Using secret
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Basically, you can use the global configuration defined at manually created `Secret`. This `Secret` must be created before `VMAlertmanager`.
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Name of the `Secret` must be defined at `VMAlertmanager` `spec.configSecret` option:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Secret
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metadata:
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name: alertmanager-config
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labels:
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app: vm-operator
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type: Opaque
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stringData:
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alertmanager.yaml: |
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global:
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resolve_timeout: 5m
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route:
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receiver: 'webhook'
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receivers:
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- name: 'webhook'
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webhook_configs:
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- url: 'http://alertmanagerwh:30500/'
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---
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: example-alertmanager
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spec:
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replicaCount: 2
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configSecret: alertmanager-config
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```
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### Using inline raw config
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Also, if there is no secret data at configuration, or you just want to redefine some global variables for `alertmanager`.
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You can define configuration at `spec.configRawYaml` section of `VMAlertmanager` configuration:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: example-alertmanager
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spec:
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replicaCount: 2
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configRawYaml: |
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global:
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resolve_timeout: 5m
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route:
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receiver: 'default'
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group_interval: 5m
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repeat_interval: 12h
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receivers:
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- name: 'default'
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```
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If both `configSecret` and `configRawYaml` are defined, only configuration from `configRawYaml` will be used. Values from `configSecret` will be ignored.
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### Using VMAlertmanagerConfig
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See details at [VMAlertmanagerConfig](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/operator/resources/vmalertmanagerconfig).
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The CRD specifies which `VMAlertmanagerConfig`s should be covered by the deployed `VMAlertmanager` instances based on label selection.
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The Operator then generates a configuration based on the included `VMAlertmanagerConfig`s and updates the `Secret` containing
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the configuration. It continuously does so for all changes that are made to `VMAlertmanagerConfig`s or to the `VMAlertmanager` resource itself.
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Main goal of operator - generate safe configuration for alertmanager. In case of any of misconfiguration at `VMAlertmanagerConfig` operator skips it from config generation and updates `VMAlertmanagerConfig` `Status` field with error cause.
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Configs are filtered by selectors `configNamespaceSelector` and `configSelector` in `VMAlertmanager` CRD definition.
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For selecting rules from all namespaces you must specify it to empty value:
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```yaml
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spec:
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configSelector: {}
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configNamespaceSelector: {}
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```
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[VMAlertmanagerConfig](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/operator/resources/vmalertmanagerconfig) objects are
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generates part of [VMAlertmanager](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/operator/resources/vmalertmanager) configuration.
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For filtering rules `VMAlertmanager` uses selectors `configNamespaceSelector` and `configSelector`.
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It allows configuring rules access control across namespaces and different environments.
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Specification of selectors you can see in [this doc](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.27/#labelselector-v1-meta).
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In addition to the above selectors, the filtering of objects in a cluster is affected by the field `selectAllByDefault`
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of `VMAlertmanager` spec and environment variable `WATCH_NAMESPACE` for operator.
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Following rules are applied:
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- If `configNamespaceSelector` and `configSelector` both undefined, then by default select nothing. With option set - `spec.selectAllByDefault: true`, select all vmalertmanagerconfigs.
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- If `configNamespaceSelector` defined, `configSelector` undefined, then all vmalertmanagerconfigs are matching at namespaces for given `configNamespaceSelector`.
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- If `configNamespaceSelector` undefined, `configSelector` defined, then all vmalertmanagerconfigs at `VMAlertmanager`'s namespaces are matching for given `configSelector`.
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- If `configNamespaceSelector` and `configSelector` both defined, then only vmalertmanagerconfigs at namespaces matched `configNamespaceSelector` for given `configSelector` are matching.
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Here's a more visual and more detailed view:
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| `configNamespaceSelector` | `configSelector` | `selectAllByDefault` | `WATCH_NAMESPACE` | Selected rules |
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| ------------------------- | ---------------- | -------------------- | ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| undefined | undefined | false | undefined | nothing |
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| undefined | undefined | **true** | undefined | all vmalertmanagerconfigs in the cluster |
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| **defined** | undefined | *any* | undefined | all vmalertmanagerconfigs are matching at namespaces for given `configNamespaceSelector` |
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| undefined | **defined** | *any* | undefined | all vmalertmanagerconfigs only at `VMAlertmanager`'s namespace are matching for given `ruleSelector` |
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| **defined** | **defined** | *any* | undefined | all vmalertmanagerconfigs only at namespaces matched `configNamespaceSelector` for given `configSelector` are matching |
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| *any* | undefined | *any* | **defined** | all vmalertmanagerconfigs only at `VMAlertmanager`'s namespace |
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| *any* | **defined** | *any* | **defined** | all vmalertmanagerconfigs only at `VMAlertmanager`'s namespace for given `configSelector` are matching |
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More details about `WATCH_NAMESPACE` variable you can read in [this doc](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/operator/configuration#namespaced-mode).
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Here are some examples of `VMAlertmanager` configuration with selectors:
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```yaml
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# select all config objects in the cluster
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: vmalertmanager-select-all
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spec:
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# ...
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selectAllByDefault: true
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---
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# select all config objects in specific namespace (my-namespace)
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: vmalertmanager-select-ns
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spec:
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# ...
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configNamespaceSelector:
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matchLabels:
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kubernetes.io/metadata.name: my-namespace
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```
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### Extra configuration files
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`VMAlertmanager` specification has the following fields, that can be used to configure without editing raw configuration file:
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- `spec.templates` - list of keys in `ConfigMaps`, that contains template files for `alertmanager`, e.g.:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: example-alertmanager
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spec:
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replicaCount: 2
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templates:
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- name: alertmanager-templates
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key: my-template-1.tmpl
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- name: alertmanager-templates
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key: my-template-2.tmpl
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: ConfigMap
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metadata:
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name: alertmanager-templates
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data:
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my-template-1.tmpl: |
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{{ define "hello" -}}
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hello, Victoria!
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{{- end }}
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my-template-2.tmpl: """
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```
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These templates will be automatically added to `VMAlertmanager` configuration and will be automatically reloaded on changes in source `ConfigMap`.
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- `spec.configMaps` - list of `ConfigMap` names (in the same namespace) that will be mounted at `VMAlertmanager`
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workload and will be automatically reloaded on changes in source `ConfigMap`. Mount path is `/etc/vm/configs/<configmap-name>`.
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### Behavior without provided config
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If no configuration is provided, operator configures stub configuration with blackhole route.
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## High Availability
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The final step of the high availability scheme is Alertmanager, when an alert triggers, actually fire alerts against *all* instances of an Alertmanager cluster.
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The Alertmanager, starting with the `v0.5.0` release, ships with a high availability mode.
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It implements a gossip protocol to synchronize instances of an Alertmanager cluster
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regarding notifications that have been sent out, to prevent duplicate notifications.
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It is an AP (available and partition tolerant) system. Being an AP system means that notifications are guaranteed to be sent at least once.
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The Victoria Metrics Operator ensures that Alertmanager clusters are properly configured to run highly available on Kubernetes.
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## Version management
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To set `VMAlertmanager` version add `spec.image.tag` name from [releases](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/releases)
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: example-vmalertmanager
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spec:
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image:
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repository: prom/alertmanager
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tag: v0.25.0
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pullPolicy: Always
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# ...
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```
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Also, you can specify `imagePullSecrets` if you are pulling images from private repo:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: example-vmalertmanager
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spec:
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image:
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repository: prom/alertmanager
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tag: v0.25.0
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pullPolicy: Always
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imagePullSecrets:
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- name: my-repo-secret
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# ...
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```
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## Resource management
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You can specify resources for each `VMAlertManager` resource in the `spec` section of the `VMAlertManager` CRD.
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertManager
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metadata:
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name: vmalertmanager-resources-example
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spec:
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# ...
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resources:
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requests:
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memory: "64Mi"
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cpu: "250m"
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limits:
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memory: "128Mi"
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cpu: "500m"
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# ...
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```
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If these parameters are not specified, then,
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by default all `VMAlertManager` pods have resource requests and limits from the default values of the following [operator parameters](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/operator/configuration):
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- `VM_VMALERTMANAGER_RESOURCE_LIMIT_MEM` - default memory limit for `VMAlertManager` pods,
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- `VM_VMALERTMANAGER_RESOURCE_LIMIT_CPU` - default memory limit for `VMAlertManager` pods,
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- `VM_VMALERTMANAGER_RESOURCE_REQUEST_MEM` - default memory limit for `VMAlertManager` pods,
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- `VM_VMALERTMANAGER_RESOURCE_REQUEST_CPU` - default memory limit for `VMAlertManager` pods.
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These default parameters will be used if:
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- `VM_VMALERTMANAGER_USEDEFAULTRESOURCES` is set to `true` (default value),
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- `VMAlertManager` CR doesn't have `resources` field in `spec` section.
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Field `resources` in `VMAlertManager` spec have higher priority than operator parameters.
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If you set `VM_VMALERTMANAGER_USEDEFAULTRESOURCES` to `false` and don't specify `resources` in `VMAlertManager` CRD,
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then `VMAlertManager` pods will be created without resource requests and limits.
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Also, you can specify requests without limits - in this case default values for limits will not be used.
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## Examples
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```yaml
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apiVersion: operator.victoriametrics.com/v1beta1
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kind: VMAlertmanager
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metadata:
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name: vmalertmanager-example
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spec:
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replicaCount: 1
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configRawYaml: |
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global:
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resolve_timeout: 5m
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route:
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group_wait: 30s
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group_interval: 5m
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repeat_interval: 12h
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receiver: 'webhook'
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receivers:
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- name: 'webhook'
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webhook_configs:
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- url: 'http://localhost:30502/'
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```
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